Lesson 9 (Part 3) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lesson 9 (Part 3) Deck (32)
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1
Q

What is the visceral layer against?

A

The organ

2
Q

What is the parietal layer against?

A

The cavity

3
Q

What is within the pericardial cavity?

A

The mediastinal cavity

4
Q

Where is the mediastinum found?

A

In the middle of the thorax between the 2 pleural cavities

5
Q

How is the mediastinum divided? (2)

A
  1. Superior mediastinum

2. Inferior mediastinum

6
Q

How is the inferior mediastinum divided? (3)

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Middle
  3. Posterior
7
Q

Where does the division of the superior/inferior mediastinum happen?

A

At the sternal angle

- T4

8
Q

What is located in the superior mediastinum? (6)

A
  1. Trachea
  2. Esophagus
  3. Thymus
  4. Nerves and nervous plexuses
  5. SVC, brachiocephalic veins
  6. Aortic arch, CCA, left subclavian and brachiocephalic arteries
9
Q

What is located in the middle mediastinum? (4)

A
  1. Heart and pericardium
  2. Ascending aorta
  3. Pulmonary trunk
  4. SVC
10
Q

What is located in the anterior mediastinum? (2)

A
  1. Thymus remnants

2. Lymph nodes

11
Q

What is located in the posterior mediastinum? (3)

A
  1. Esophagus
  2. Thoracic aorta and its branches
  3. Nerve plexus from the sympathetic nervous system
12
Q

What is located in front of the heart? (2)

A
  1. The anterior inferior mediastinum

2. Thymus

13
Q

What is located behind the heart? (3)

A
  1. Posterior inferior mediastinum
  2. Aorta
  3. Esophagus
14
Q

Why cant you see the trachea in the posterior mediastinum?

A

Because it has already bifurcated

15
Q

Pleural cavities

A

Narrow gap between visceral and parietal pleura

16
Q

Parietal pleura

A

A serous membrane lining the chest cavity

17
Q

Visceral pleura

A

A serous membrane covering the lung surface

18
Q

What accumulates between the parietal and the visceral pleura?

A

Serous fluid

19
Q

Where does bifurcation of the trachea occur?

A

Carina

- T5

20
Q

Why is there 2 lobes of the lung on the left and 3 lobes of the lung on the right?

A

Because the heart is situated more on the left so there is less room to have 3 lobes on the left compared to the right

21
Q

Cardiac notch

A

Impression of the heart on the lungs

22
Q

Where is the lung hilum compared to the aorta?

A

Anterior to it

23
Q

Where is the bronchus compared to the pulmonary arteries?

A

Posterior to it

24
Q

Where is the pulmonary arteries compared to the pulmonary veins?

A

Superior to it

25
Q

Where is the aorta compared to the lung hilum?

A

Posterior to it

26
Q

Where is the IVC/SVC compared to the lung hilum?

A

Anterior to it

27
Q

What is the heart?

A

A pump that circulates the blood between the lungs and the body cells

28
Q

What does blood deliver to the heart?

A

Delivers oxygen from lungs that will eventually go to the body cells

29
Q

What does blood take away from the heart?

A

Takes away CO2 to deliver to the lungs to be exhaled

30
Q

What is the cardiopulmonary flow path? (16)

A
  1. Lt Ventricle
  2. Aortic valve
    - semilunar
  3. Aorta
  4. Body cells
  5. IVC/SVC
  6. Rt Atrium
  7. Tricuspid valve
  8. Rt Ventricle
  9. Pulmonary Valve
  10. Main Pulmonary Trunk
  11. Pulmonary arteries
    - 2 of them
  12. Lungs
  13. Pulmonary veins
    - 4 of them
  14. Lt Atrium
  15. Mitral valve
    - bicuspid valve
  16. Lt Ventricle
31
Q

How many pulmonary arteries are there?

A

2

- 1 on each side

32
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there?

A

4

- 2 on each side