Lesson 8 (Part 2)

Question 1

Is diptheria a rare disease now a day?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Diphtheria

Answer 2

Infection of the nose, throat and skin

Question 3

What does diphtheria cause? (5)

Answer 3

1. Sore throat
2. Fever and chills
3. Breathing complications
4. Heart failure
5. Nerve damage

Question 4

When do symptoms for diphtheria begin?

Answer 4

2-5 days after becoming infected

Question 5

What happened with diphtheria before the vaccination program? (2)

Answer 5

1. It was very common

2. Leading cause of death in children

Question 6

How is diphtheria transmitted?

Answer 6

It is spread from person to person through secretions from coughing and sneezing

Question 7

What is another word for pertussis?

Answer 7

Whooping cough

Question 8

Pertussis

Answer 8

It is a common disease which causes prolonged cough illness

Question 9

Who does whooping cough affect?

Answer 9

All ages

- but serious for infant

Question 10

How long can coughing last for with pertussis?

Answer 10

Several weeks

Question 11

What does whooping cough make challenging? (3)

Answer 11

1. Eating
2. Drinking
3. Breathing

Question 12

How does whooping cough work?

Answer 12

The infection attaches to the lining of the upper respiratory system and releases toxins that lead to inflammation/swelling

Question 13

How is pertussis transmitted?

Answer 13

It is spread from person to person through secretions from coughing and sneezing

Question 14

What age is Tdap usually given at?

Answer 14

11-12 years

Question 15

When is the Td booster given?

Answer 15

Every 10 years after the vaccine

- this covers tetanus and diphtheria

Question 16

TB

Answer 16

Tuberculosis

Question 17

What is tuberculosis caused by?

Answer 17

Bacteria that spreads from person to person through microscopic droplets released into the air
- coughing or sneezing

Question 18

What does TB affect?

Answer 18

Mainly the lungs

- but can also affect the glands, bones, joints, kidneys, brain and reproductive organs

Question 19

How can TB be presented as? (2)

Answer 19

1. Back pain
2. Hematuria
   - blood in the urine

Question 20

What are the symptoms of TB?

Answer 20

The infection can remain in your body but not cause any symptoms

Question 21

How do you treat TB?

Answer 21

9 months of antibiotics everyday

• hard to follow through on the treatment (low compliance rate)
• hard on your liver

Question 22

Is tuberculosis contagious?

Answer 22

Yes but not easy to catch

- more likely to get it from people you live with or work with than from a stranger

Question 23

How long do you have to take antibiotics before you are no longer contagious?

Answer 23

2 weeks

- need to take up till 9 months to be fully cured

Question 24

What are the 2 type of tests for TB?

Answer 24

1. Initial baseline testing
   - 2 steps
2. Annual screening

Question 25

LTBI

Answer 25

Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Question 26

What does LTBI mean?

Answer 26

It means that the patient is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis but its not active

Question 27

What do half of those who develop TB occur?

Answer 27

Within the first 2 years of the infection

- most high risk in the first 2 years

Question 28

What can treated LTBI prevent?

Answer 28

Progression to active TB

Question 29

What are 5 medical tests and immunizations that a hospital employer might ask for?

Answer 29

1. Tdap proof or vaccine and boosters every 10 years
2. MMR blood tests or proof of 2 dose vaccine as a child
3. Influenza annual vaccine
4. TB tests
5. Varicella blood test
   - chickenpox