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Infection Control > Lesson 6 > Flashcards

Lesson 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are 8 examples of sharps?

A
  1. Needles
  2. Broken glass
  3. Biopsy
  4. Blades
  5. Scissors
  6. Syringes
  7. Sculpts
  8. Suture equipment
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2
Q

Sharp waste

A

Objects that may contain human blood, fluid and tissues with pathogens

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3
Q

What are 4 examples of sharp waste?

A
  1. Glass vials
  2. Biopsy equipment
  3. Broken equipment
  4. Other broken glass sharp ceramic or plastic piece
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4
Q

How do we dispose of sharp waste?

A

In a sharp waste container

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5
Q

When should you dispose of sharp waste?

A

ASAP

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6
Q

What are 4 characteristics of sharp waste containers?

A
  1. Labelled
  2. Closed off
  3. Puncture proof
  4. Easily accessible
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7
Q

How is one way to prevent injury with needles?

A

Dont put the caps back on them once they have been used

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8
Q

What do you do if sharps are contaminated with hazardous chemicals or radioactivity?

A

You dispose of them in a separate sharps container with a radioactive or chemical waste tag as appropriate
- note if it is bio-hazardous also

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9
Q

What does the radioactive sign look like?

A

A fan

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10
Q

What do people use now a days to make needles more safe?

A

They have a guard on them to prevent poking people

- the guard is longer than the needle

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11
Q

What are 3 possible hazards that can occur with sharps?

A
  1. Broken skin
    - poking yourself/someone else
  2. Increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases
  3. Increase of risk of exposing other to our blood and possible infectious diseases
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12
Q

What are 3 possible hazards that can occur with sharps?

A
  1. Broken skin
    - poking yourself/someone else
  2. Increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases
  3. Increase of risk of exposing other to our blood and possible infectious diseases
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13
Q

What should you always be wearing during biopsies or other procedures with body fluids?

A

Gloves

  • sometimes a gown
  • mask (if potential for spray)
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14
Q

PPE

A

Personal protective equipment

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15
Q

Personal protective equipment

A

Is for protection from definite, likely or potential exposure and you must be proactive

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16
Q

What are 3 examples of blood borne pathogens?

A
  1. HIV
  2. AIDS
  3. Hepatitis B/C
17
Q

Blood borne pathogens

A

Infectious microorganisms in the blood that can cause disease

18
Q

What does HIV turn into if not treated?

A

AIDS

19
Q

What is the % of getting infected with HIV through an infected needle?

A

Close to 1%

20
Q

What is the % of getting infected with hepatitis B with an infected needle?

A

20-30%

21
Q

What is the % of getting infected with HIV through an infected needle

A

Similar statistics to Hepatitis B, but a little less

22
Q

Why are the %’s so low for potential diseases from an infected needle? (2)

A
  1. The quantity would be quite low on the needle
  2. Depends on the conditions of the room
    - temp
    - moisture
    - light
23
Q

What are 2 possible means of contact with blood borne pathogens?

A
  1. Accidental puncture from a contaminated needle

2. A scratch from a contaminated piece of glass

24
Q

What are in humans that can cause disease in human?

A

Infectious microorganisms

25
Q

How can infected blood enter your system? (3)

A
  1. Open sores, cuts, abrasions, acnes
  2. Any broken skin
    - sunburns
    - blisters
    - bad rash
  3. Mucous membranes
    - eyes
    - nose
    - mouth
26
Q

What are potential infected body fluids? (6)

A
  1. Blood
  2. Saliva
  3. Urine
  4. Vaginal secretion/semen
  5. Feces
  6. Serous
    - pus
27
Q

DMARDS

A

Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic drugs

28
Q

What kind of workers are at increased risk for infection?

A

Immunocompromised workers

29
Q

Immunocompromised workers

A

Individuals that have an immune system that is impaired or weakened
- dont have the ability to respond normally to an infection

30
Q

What is the most common immunodeficiency?

A

Secondary or acquired immunodeficiencies

31
Q

What 2 thing suppress immunity?

A
  1. Age

2. Malnutrition

32
Q

What 3 medications impair the immune system?

A
  1. Chemotherapy
  2. DMARDS
  3. Biologics
33
Q

PEP

A

Post exposure prophylaxis

- protocol after being exposed to blood

34
Q

Post exposure prophylaxis

A

Medication you take regardless if you have been infected or not
- just to be safe

35
Q

Who has systems in place for reporting exposures? (2)

A
  1. Employers

2. Ontario Labour Board

36
Q

What do you do after blood exposure? (3)

A
  1. Wash your hands/body part that was hit with blood
  2. PEP reporting is essential
  3. PEP treatment
    - start this as early as possible
37
Q

What does the occupational health department check?

A

If the vaccinations (like HBV) are up to date

38
Q

HBV

A

Hepatitis B Virus

Infection Control (24 decks)

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