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High Resolution > Lesson 3C (Part 1) > Flashcards

Lesson 3C (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What are 6 examples of US characteristics?

A
  1. Margins
  2. Shape
  3. Echogenicity
  4. Echotexture
  5. Orientation
  6. Posterior acoustic attenuation pattern
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2
Q

Margins

A

Degree of irregularity

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3
Q

What are the margins of benign tumours?

A

Smooth

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4
Q

What are the margins of malignant tumours? (2)

A
  1. Aggressive
  2. Finger-like extensions
    - spiculations
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5
Q

What are 3 defining shapes of masses/lesions?

A
  1. Ovoid
  2. Irregular
  3. Lobulated or spherical
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6
Q

What are the shapes of benign tumours?

A

Spherical/ovoid

- smooth, round or egg shape

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7
Q

How many lobulations do benign tumours have?

A

3 or less gentle lobulations

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8
Q

What are the shapes of malignant tumours?

A

Variable/irregular

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9
Q

What is the echogenicity of benign tumours? (2)

A
  1. Homogenous

2. Uniform internal echoes

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10
Q

What is the echogenicity of malignant tumours?

A

Heterogeneous

- variety of echotextures, predominately hypoechoic

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11
Q

Posterior acoustic attenuation pattern

A

Degree of sound beam absorption

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12
Q

What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of benign solid tumour?

A

Minimal through transmission

- little shadow

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13
Q

What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of benign cystic lesion?

A

High transmission of sound

- lots of shadow

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14
Q

What is the posterior acoustic attenuation pattern of a malignant tumour?

A

Absorb the sound beams and cause echoes posterior to their location to be very black and chaotic
- random/chaotic shadowing

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15
Q

What do simple cysts look like on US? (5)

A
  1. Completely anechoic
  2. Well-circumscribed
  3. Thinly-encapsulated
  4. Enhanced through transmission
  5. Thinly-edged shadows
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16
Q

What do malignant masses look like on US? (6)

A
  1. Variable shapes
  2. Irregular, ill-defined borders, angular
  3. Low-level, non-uniform internal echoes
  4. Taller than wide
  5. Posterior attenuation
  6. Thick echogenic rim
17
Q

What is the number one indicator for malignancy?

A

Spiculation

- finger like projections

18
Q

What kind of pattern does acoustic shadowing have with malignancy? (3)

A
  1. Irregular
  2. Dirty
  3. Chaotic pattern
19
Q

How can you tell if it is definitely benign?

A

Total sbsence of any malignant characteristics

20
Q

BI-RADS

A

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System

21
Q

Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System

A

Is a quality assurance guide designed to standardize breast imaging reporting and facilitate outcome monitoring

22
Q

What does 0 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Incomplete and additional imaging evaluation is needed

23
Q

What does 1 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Negative

24
Q

What does 2 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Benign

25
Q

What does 3 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Probably benign

- short internal follow up is recommended

26
Q

What does 4 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Suspicious

- biopsy

27
Q

What does 4A tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Low suspicion

28
Q

What does 4B tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Intermediate suspicion

29
Q

What does 4C tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Moderate suspicion

30
Q

What does 5 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Highly suggestive of malignancy

- biopsy

31
Q

What does 6 tell us on the BI-RADS scale?

A

Known malignancy

- treatment ongoing

32
Q

What are 3 examples of benign cystic masses?

A
  1. Cysts
  2. Fibrocystic Chang
  3. Galactocele
33
Q

What are 3 examples of benign inflammatory?

A
  1. Mastitis
  2. Mondor cord
  3. Abscess
34
Q

What are 4 examples of benign trauma?

A
  1. Seroma
  2. Hematoma
  3. Fat necrosis
  4. Scar
35
Q

What are 6 examples of benign solid?

A
  1. Fibroadenoma
  2. Adenoma
  3. Phylloides tumour
  4. Hamartoma
  5. Lipoma
  6. Papilloma

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