Lecture 8- Meniere Disease Flashcards Preview

HESP 632 - Medical Audiology > Lecture 8- Meniere Disease > Flashcards

Flashcards in Lecture 8- Meniere Disease Deck (11)
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1
Q

What is Meneiere Disease?

A

Multifactorial disorder probably initiated by a combination of genetic and environmental factors

Associated with accumulation of endolymph in the cochlear duct and vestibular organs

2
Q

What is Meneiere Disease characterized by?

A
  • Episodic, spontaneous vertigo, usually accompanied by fluctuating SNHL, tinnitus, and aural fullness
  • Cochlear symptoms may occur between episodes of vertigo
  • Vertigo crises are more frequent during early ears of disease
3
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Meneiere Disease?

A
  • 2 or more episodes of spontaneous vertigo lasting between 20 minutes and 12 hours
  • Low frequency SNHL in 1 ear, defined at least one occasion before, during, or after one of the episodes of vertigo
  • Fluctuating hearing symptoms (HL, tinnitus, aural fullness) in affected ear
  • There is no other diagnosis that better explains the vestibular symptoms
4
Q

What is vertigo?

A

Sensation of movement in the absence of movement, or an altered sensation of movement during normal movement of the head

5
Q

What are some triggers for vertigo attacks?

A

Dietary: caffeine, sodium

Sound: Tullio phenomenon

Pressure: Hennebert symptom/sign

6
Q

What is a vertiginous episode?

A

Defined by the time the patient has to be immobile and cannot move

  • Can be <20 minutes or >12 hours, but these are not common findings; other vestibular disorders should be considered
7
Q

How is the affected ear determined?

A

Thresholds shift to at least 35 dB HL at 2 consecutive frequencies below 2 kHz (or 30 dB shift compared to contralateral ear)

8
Q

Do SNHL and vertigo have to occur at the same time?

A

No

  • SNHL may precede the onset of vertigo by months or years
  • Recurrent vertigo may occur before the SNHL in weeks or months, but tinnitus or aural fullness are usually associated with the first episode of vertigo
9
Q

When is Meniere Disease considered likely?

A
  • 2 or more episodes of vertigo or dizziness, lasting between 20 minutes and 24 hours each
  • Fluctuating hearing symptoms (SNHL, tinnitus, or aural fullness) in the affected ear
  • There is no other diagnosis that better explains vestibular symptoms
10
Q

What is the differential diagnosis for Meniere Disease?

A
  • DFNA9, COCH mutation
  • Autoimmune inner ear disease
  • Stroke
  • Cogan syndrome
  • ELST
  • CPA mass
  • Susac syndrome
  • Infectious causes (e.g., otosyphilis)
  • 3rd window syndromes
  • Vestibular migraine
  • Vestibular schwannoma
  • Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
11
Q

When should Familial Meniere Disease be considered?

A
  • At least one first or second relative has definitive or probably Meniere
  • May occur in 8-9% of cases of MD in European populations, but has been described in nearly all ethnic groups
  • Typically fits AD inheritance, although mitochondrial recessive has been described
  • DTNA, FAM136A