Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary Flashcards Preview

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1
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is the inflammation of the GI tract

A

gastroenteritis

2
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of gastroenteritis

A

usually pathogens, toxins

3
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s of gastroenteritis

A

nausea
vomitting
diarrhea

4
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx of gastroenteritis

A

antibiotics (bacteria)
fluids (if severe - IV)
rest

5
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

MT for gastroenteritis

A

systemically CI

6
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

issues that arise from gastroenteritis

A

dehydration

electrolyte loss

7
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is a progressive inflammatory disorder affecting any part of the GI tract

A

crohn’s disease

8
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

in crohn’s disease there is an _________ of inflammed areas

A

unpredictable patchwork

9
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of crohn’s disease

A

unknown - genetics?

10
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

crohn’s disease is under

A

inflammatory bowel disease

11
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

when is crohn’s usually diagnosed

A

20s & 30s

12
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s of crohn’s

A
cramping
diarrhea (often with blood)
bloating
weight loss
fever 
joint pain
ulcers
13
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx of crohn’s

A

steroids
immunosuppressants
avoiding certain foods

14
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt for crohn’s

A

only appropriate during remission

avoid deep abdominal work

15
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is acid from stomach irritates and causes damage to esophagus

A

GERD

16
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

what does GERD mean

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

17
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of gerd

A

usually weakness of lower esophagus sphincter

18
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

gerd mistaken for

A

heartburn

asthma

19
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s of gerd

A

gas
indigestion
bloating
pain in chest

20
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx gerd

A

change in diet/eating
acid neutralizers
acid-blockers
surgery

21
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt gerd

A

based on client’s comfort

22
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

gerd can lead to

A

cancer

23
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ are ulcerations of stomach or small intestine

A

peptic ulcers

24
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of peptic ulcers

A
helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) - bacteria 
stress, NSAIDS
25
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s peptic ulcers

A
burning pain in chest or abdomn (30 min - 3 hrs)
nausea
vomitting
loss of appetite
bleeding in GI tract
26
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx peptic ulcers

A

antibiotics for H.pylori
stop use of NSAIDS
surgery

27
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt peptic ulcers

A

locally CI

28
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of vermiform appendix

A

appendicitis

29
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of appendicitis

A

unknown - bacterial pathogen?

30
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s of appendicitis

A

extreme pain in lower right quadrant (LRQ)

31
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx appendicitis

A

usually surgery

32
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt appendicitis

A

mt is ci

33
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is cancer of the colon and/or rectum

A

colorectal cancer

34
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of colorectal cancer

A

idiopathic

35
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

what % of patients w/colorectal cancer are over 50

A

90%

36
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s colorectal cancer

A

anemia
blood in stool
weight loss

37
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx colorectal cancer

A

surgery

chemotherapy

38
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt colorectal cancer

A

if in remission ok

otherwise dr’s note

39
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is a condition of sacs found throughout the colon

A

diverticular disease

40
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ means sac

A

diverticula

41
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology diverticular disease

A

pressure on colon walls

42
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

age group most affected by diverticular disease

A

60-80

43
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

what percent of patients are in common age group

A

50%

44
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s diverticular disease

A

nonexistant unless infection then nausea, fever, cramping, pain

45
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx diverticular disease

A

antibiotics for bacterial infection
diet
surgery if sever

46
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt diverticular disease

A

deep abdominal massage is CI

47
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

what type of food especially avoid with diverticular disease

A

small seeds

48
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is a progressive inflammation and ulceration of the colon

A

ulcerative colitis

49
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology

A

idiopathic - perhaps autoimmune

50
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s ulcerative colitis

A

painful, chronic, diarrhea w/blood and pus in stools, cramping, loss of appetite, mild fever

51
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx ulcerative colitis

A

colitis rx, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, nicotine patches

52
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt ulcerative colitis

A

if fever mt is locally CI for mechanical and circulatory

53
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is a collectin of sign and symptoms that indicate a functional problem with the digestive system (colon)

A

irritable bowel syndrome

54
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of irritable bowel syndrome

A

uncoordinated and irregular peristalsis

55
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s irritable bowel syndrome

A
cramps
abdominal pains
gas, bloating
constipation
diarrhea
56
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx irritable bowel syndrome

A

anti-spasmodics
anti-diarrheals
antacids
antidepressants

57
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt irritable bowel syndrome

A

as long as s&s are not exacerbated

58
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is scar tissue formation in the liver

A

cirrhosis

59
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of cirrhosis

A

chronic/long-term infection (virus, autoimmune) or irrational (alcohol)

60
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s cirrhosis

A
nausea
weight loss
red patches on skin
splenomegaly
ascites
jaundice
61
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx cirrhosis

A
stop irritant
diuretics
antacids
levulose
vitamins
steroids if autoimmune
62
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt cirrhosis

A

ci for rigorous circulatory massage

63
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ are crystallized deposits in gall bladder

A

gall stones

64
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of gall stones

A

duct blockages

diet?

65
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s of gall stones

A

excruciating localized pain
nausea and vomitting
jaundice

66
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx gall stones

A

surgery

laparoscopy

67
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt gall stones

A

indicated unless s&s are unbearable

68
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of liver

A

hepatitis

69
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of hepatitis

A

viral (Hep A, B, C), autoimmune, other viruses

70
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s hepatitis

A

jaundice
nausea
weakness
fever

71
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx hepatitis

A

gamma globulin
interferon
ribavirin
rest, fluids

72
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt hepatitis

A

acute infection CI

73
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

if work in health field you will get what shot

A

hep b

74
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of the bronchi

A

acute/chronic bronichitis

75
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of bronchitis

A

acute: pathogens, irritants
chronic: cigarettes, air pollutants, chemicals

76
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s bronchitis

A

coughing
wheezing
sputum

77
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx bronchitis

A

removal of irritants, antibiotics, rest, fluids, warm moist air, cough supressants

78
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt bronchitis

A

CI when infected

79
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is a viral infection of the respiratory tract

A

influenza

80
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of influenza

A

virus

81
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

what are types of influenza

A

A,B,C

also comes from regions Asia etc

82
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s influenza

A
fever
cough
runny nose
muscle aches
fatigue
83
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx influenza

A

rest, liquids, soup, sometimes vaccines, elderly or immune-compromised = antibiotics

84
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

Mt influenza

A

subacute ok

85
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is general term for inflammation of the lungs

A

pneumonia

86
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of pneumonia

A

pathogens

87
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s pneumonia

A

persistent cough which doesn’t go away

high fever, sputum, shortness of breath, chest pains, muscle aches

88
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx pneumonia

A

antibiotics
cough suppresants
“cupping’ or tapotement
fluids

89
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt pneumonia

A

percussive/tapotement is part of tx

90
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ doesn’t produce sputum is a dry hack and is contagious

A

walking pneumonia

91
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of sinus

A

sinusitis

92
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of sinusitis

A

allergies, irritants, pathogens, blockage

93
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s sinusitis

A

runny nose, puffy/itchy eyes, headache, dizziness, head pressure

94
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx sinusitis

A

antibiotics, decongestants, steroid nasal sprays, antihistamines, anti-inflammatories

95
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt sinusitis

A

ok for allergic, be mindful for head position as may increase pressure

96
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is bacterial infection that usually begins in the lungs but may spread to bones, kidneys, lymph nodes, etc

A

tuberculosis

97
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of tuberculosis

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

98
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s tuberculosis

A

similar to minor flu:

fever, sweating, weight loss, exhaustion, bloody phlegm

99
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx tuberculosis

A

specific antibiotics or drug regimin to combat this bacteria

100
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt tuberculosis

A

systemically CI

101
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is bronchial smooth muscle spasms, edema, and constriction of the airways

A

asthma

102
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of asthma

A

allergens, stress, exercise, virus, irritants

103
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s asthma

A

wheezing
shortness of breath
coughing

104
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx asthma

A

anti-inflammatory, bronchodilators, antihistamines, in sever cases epinephrine

105
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt asthma

A

not during attack

106
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ can be mistaken as GERD

A

asthma

107
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is alveoli becoming stretched and inelastic

A

ephysema

108
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of ephysema

A

smoking, pollutants

109
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s ephysema

A

railing (sound)

barrel chest, cough, weith loss

110
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx ephysema

A

bronchodilators, oxygen tank, surgery

111
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt ephysema

A

chair/reclining massage

112
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is growth of malignant cells in lungs

A

lung cancer

113
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of lung cancer

A

smoking
radon
asbestos

114
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s lung cancer

A

persistant cough
coughing blood
chest pain
shortness of breath

115
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt lung cancer

A

dr’s note

116
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

is lung cancer quick or slow

A

quick

117
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of the glomerulus (in nephron)

A

glomerulonephritis

118
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is inflammation of the nephron

A

pyelonephritis

119
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of glomerulonephritis

A

immune complexes get caught up in glomerulus

120
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of pyelonephritis

A

usually E.coli infection which travels up ureters

121
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s glomerulonephritis

A

high protein or rbc in urine
blood in urine
high blood pressure

122
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s pyelonephritis

A

fever, burning and frequent urination, cloudy urine, extreme back pain, fatigue, nausea, vomitting

123
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx glomerulonephritis

A

steroids, antihypertensives, antibiotics

124
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx pyelonephritis

A

antibiotics

125
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis

A

CI

126
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is solid deposit of crystalline substances in the kidney

A

kidney stones

127
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of kidney stones

A

dehydration, lack of fluids

128
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

another name for kidney stones

A

renal calculi

129
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s kidney stones

A

most are “silent” and pass fine. BUT…

if painful go to ER

130
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx kidney stones

A

sound waves

surgery

131
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt kidney stones

A

okay if not in pain

132
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is when kidneys are not functioning properly

A

renal failure

133
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of renal failure

A

chronic or sever recurrent problems

134
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s renal failure

A
decreased urine output
systemic edema
arrythmia
anemia
osteomalacia
135
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx renal failure

A

treat underlying pathology
kidney transplant
diuretics
blood sugar meds

136
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt renal failure

A

CI

137
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is malignant cells in urinary bladder

A

bladder cancer

138
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of bladder cancer

A

varies, radiation, schistosoma, smoking

139
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s bladder cancer

A

blood in urine (hematuria), painful and/or frequent urination

140
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx bladder cancer

A

depends on stage
radiation
chemotherapy, surgery

141
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt bladder cancer

A

work as part of team

142
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

_________ is infection of urinary system

A

urinary tract infection (UTI)

143
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

etiology of UTI

A

pathogens

mostly E.coli

144
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

s&s UTI

A

frequent, urgent, painful/burning urination

sometimes urine has smell, fever

145
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

tx UTI

A

antibiotics

cranberry juice

146
Q

Lecture 6 - Digestive, Respiratory, & Urinary

mt UTI

A

if fever CI

deep abdominal work is CI