Lecture 4 - Social judgements

Question 1

cognitive misers

Answer 1

we’re lazy when we judge others and evalute social situations

Question 2

benefits of heuristics

Answer 2

fast
efficient
often correct

Question 3

drawbacks of heurstics

Answer 3

often incorrect

hard to correct

Question 4

implicit personality theory

Answer 4

based in first impressions
“what is someone like”
assigning traits

Question 5

associations with insecurity

Answer 5

shy
incompetnent
dishonest

Question 6

associations with outgoing

Answer 6

kind
competent
honest

Question 7

Rosenham

Answer 7

false participants in psychiatry
nearly all diagnosed with schizophrenia
follow-up study: real patients were rejected although all were real

Question 8

two dimensions of social perception

Answer 8

warmth: moral, kind, helpful
competence: intelligent, skilled, capable
classify 80% of stereotype content

Question 9

high warmth

Answer 9

when competent: pride, admiration

not competent: sympathy and pity

Question 10

low warmth

Answer 10

when competent: envy, jealousy

not competent: disgust

Question 11

aspects of non-verbal behaviour

Answer 11

body posture
facial expressions
gestures

Question 12

chameleon effect

Answer 12

mimikry of behaviour

Question 13

salience cues characterisitcs

Answer 13

attention grabbing
often interpreted as causal
dominate other cues

Question 14

how cues get connected

Answer 14

similar meaning

co-occurence

Question 15

how is behaviour interpreted

Answer 15

mood

expectations

Question 16

myth of self-interest

Answer 16

overestimating self-interest as motive for behaviour

strongest for powerful people

Question 17

correspondent inferences

Answer 17

behaviour interpreted as reflecting how someone is like

Question 18

fundamental attribution error

Answer 18

underestimating situation
overestimating intention
ascribing cause
attributing to accessbile and salient cues

Question 19

biases in person perception

Answer 19

we see the person as most influential that is the most visble
causal attribution

Question 20

Kelleys’s attribution theory

Answer 20

all behaviour can be explained by actor, stimulus and situaition

Question 21

Kelley’s cubus model

Answer 21

1. distinctiveness: behaviour specific to stimulus
2. consistency: repeated over time to same stimulus
3. consensus: other behave the same way

Question 22

effect of cognitive load

Answer 22

more stereotyping

Question 23

discounting

Answer 23

less internal attribution

Question 24

augmenting

Answer 24

more internal attribution

Question 25

probability of co-occurence of two things

Answer 25

always lower than just one thing

Question 26

conjunction fallacy

Answer 26

description matches stereotype perfectly, therefore we ignore actual probabilities

Question 27

halo effect

Answer 27

someone is good looking, he must be a good person

Question 28

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 28

expectations become true because they change behaviour

Question 29

telephone experiment

Answer 29

woman that is described as attractive is treated better therefore is perceived as more attractive by blind listener

Question 30

anchoring heuristic

Answer 30

first information serves as anchor for everything following

Question 31

availability heursistic

Answer 31

it is easy to come up with examples, therefore it must be right

Question 32

hind sight bias

Answer 32

when it already has happened, you say you saw it coming

Question 33

counterfactual thinking

Answer 33

missing a train by 2 minutes feels worse than missing it by 30 minutes although outcome is the same

Question 34

which medalist feels best

Answer 34

gold, second is bronze