Lecture 38 - Ecology + Biosphere II Flashcards
What is interspecific competition?
(-/-)
occurs when species compete for a resource in short supply
What is resource partitioning?
- differentiation of ecological niches
- enabling similar species to coexist in a community
What is predation?
(+/-)
interaction in which one species kills and eats the other
What are 6 types of defenses against predation?
- mechanical
- chemical defense
- aposematic coloration
- cryptic coloration
- Batesian mimicry
- Mullerian mimicry
What is herbivory?
(+/-)
herbivore eats parts of a plant or alga
What is facilitation?
(+/+) or (0/+)
interaction in which one species has pos. effects on another species without direct and intimate contact
What are 3 types of symbiosis?
- mutualism (+/+)
- parasition (+/-)
-endo or ectoparasite - commensalism (+/0)
EX: buffalo and bird
What 2 things define species diversity of a community?
- species richness (number of species)
2. relative abundance (% of each)
What is symbiosis?
relationship where 2 or more species live in direct and intimate contact with one another
What are 5 traits of communities with higher diversity?
- more productive (produce more biomass)
- more stable in productivity
- more resistant to environmental stresses
- more resistant to invasive species
What is a trophic structure?
feeding relationships between organisms in a community
What is the intermediate disturbance hypothesis?
-a medium amount of disturbances leads to the highest amount of diversity
What is ecological succession?
the sequence of community changes after a disturbance
Why are some of the most diverse areas coral reefs + rainforests?
- both in the tropics
- latitude effects due to lack of climate change
Bigger _____ means more diversity?
area
