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BISC 120 > Lecture 33 - Vertebrates I > Flashcards

Lecture 33 - Vertebrates I Flashcards

1
Q

what are amniotes?

A

group of tetrapods whose living members are the reptiles (including birds + mammals)

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2
Q

what are 3 terrestrial adaptations?

A
  1. Relatively impermeable skin
  2. Rib cage allows for ventilation
    - Point of attachment to expand and collapse lungs
  3. Amniotic egg
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3
Q

3 key characteristics of the amniotic egg

A
  1. Evolved shelled egg that retains water, laid in dry place
  2. Bird eggs calcareous shells (inflexible)
  3. Reptile eggs leathery eggs (flexible)
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4
Q

What is a key feature of the amniotic egg?

A

Extraembryonic membranes

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5
Q

What are 3 functions of extraembryonic membranes?

A
  1. gas exchange
  2. waste storage
  3. transfer of stored nutrients to embryo
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6
Q

Reptilia (body 2)

A
  1. Rib cage ventilation,

2. waterproof keratin scales

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7
Q

Reptilia (heat source)

A
  • ectothermic (all reptiles aside from birds)

- endothermic (birds)

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8
Q

Reptilia

A

tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians

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9
Q

2 sublcasses of Reptilia?

A
  1. parareptiles

2. diapsids

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10
Q

2 characteristics of parareptiles

A
  1. EXTINCT; first major group to emerge
  2. Serve as start of reptilian class
  3. Large, stocky, quadrupedal herbivores
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11
Q

what are the 2 major lineages of diaspids?

A
  1. lepidosaur

2. archosaur

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12
Q

lepidosaur (EX)

A

tuataras, lizards, snakes

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13
Q

3 characteristics of lepidosuars

A
  1. loose jaw
  2. venom
  3. chemical + heat sensors
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14
Q

archosaurs (EX)

A

turtles, crocodilians, pterosaurs, dinosaurscretaceous mass extinction, birds

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15
Q

9 characteristics of bird/archosaurs

A
  1. wings
  2. one ovary
  3. loss of teeth gizzard
  4. endothermic
  5. large brain
  6. lack of urinary bladder
  7. small gonads
  8. hollow bonds
  9. 4 chambered heart
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16
Q

______ are most numerous/diverse reptiles apart form birds

A

squamates

17
Q

Class Mammalia evolution

A

evolved from synapsid ancestors

BISC 120 (33 decks)

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