Lecture 20: Organization Of Nervous System Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 20: Organization Of Nervous System Deck (25)
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1
Q

What are the 2 systems of the peripheral nervous system?

A

Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

2
Q

What are the 2 systems of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

3
Q

What are sensory / afferent fibres?

A

Fibres that carry impulses towards CNS

4
Q

What are motor / efferent Fibres?

A

Fibres carrying Impulses away from the CNS

5
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

Accumulation of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS

6
Q

How do ganglion cells of sensory nerves look like?

A

Round with large ovoid nuclei and conspicuous nucleoli

7
Q

How do autonomic ganglia look like?

A

Small, usually multipolar, giving off several dendritic processes and unmyelinated axons

8
Q

What does the somatic nervous system do?

A

Cope with external environment

9
Q

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

A

Control the internal environment

10
Q

What kind of organ the somatic nervous system target?

A

Skeletal muscles

11
Q

What 3 kinds of organs do autonomic nervous system target.?

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

12
Q

Where are the 2 places where autonomic preganglionic neurons cell bodies found in the CNS?

A

Sympathetic - lateral horn in T1-L2 cord segments

Parasympathetic - S2-S4 cord segments and brain stem

13
Q

What are the 3 routes that sympathetic preganglionics can supply the skin via?

A
  1. Synapse at the level of entry
  2. Ascend the chain then synapse
  3. Descend the chain then synapse
14
Q

How and what does the sympathetic preganglionics supply when it synapses at the level of entry?

A

Supplies dermatome sat the T1-L2 levels, so postganglionics get to their targets through the T1-L2 spinal nerves

15
Q

How and what does the sympathetic preganglionics supply when it ascends the chain then synapses?

A

Typically supplies head and neck, post ganglionics get to their targets along the walls of blood vessels

16
Q

How and what do the sympathetic preganglionics supply when it descends the chain then synapses?

A

Typically supplies lower limbs, get to their targets through the spinal nerves at level L3 and below

17
Q

How do sympathetic nervous system distribute to abdominal viscera?

A

Can also traverse the chain then synapse in a pre-aortic ganglion and get to their targets along blood vessels

18
Q

How do sensory Fibres travel?

A

Sensory Fibres also travel along sympathetics destined for the abdomen and relay pain from viscera back to the CNS

19
Q

Where do parasympathetic preganglionic neurons usually synapse?

A

In ganglia that sit close to their target organs

20
Q

What does the vagus nerve do?

A

Major source of parasympathetic preganglionic input to the thoracic and abdominal viscera

21
Q

What are the 4 specialized parasympathetic ganglia in the head?

A

Ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, otic

22
Q

What does the ciliary ganglion do?

A

Receive parasympathetic preganglionics from the oculo motor nerve, distributes parasympathetic posrganglionics to the eye

23
Q

What does the pterygopalatine ganglion do?

A

Receives parasympathetic preganglionics from facial nerve and distributes parasympathetic posrganglionics to the lacrimal gland

24
Q

What does the submandibular ganglion do?

A

Receives parasympathetic preganglionics form the facial nerve and distributes parasympathetic posrganglionics to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

25
Q

What does the otic ganglion do?

A

Receives parasympathetic preganglionics from the glossopharyngeal nerve and distributes parasympathetic posrganglionics to parotid gland