Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 1: 05. Neuro Exam 1 > Lecture 13: Development of Orofacial Structures > Flashcards

Lecture 13: Development of Orofacial Structures Flashcards

1
Q

What does the viscerocranium become?

What is its embryological origin?

A

Facial skeleton

Mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the neurocranium become?

What is its embryological origin?

A

Bones that enclose the brain

Mesenchyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What bones form from the cartilagenous neurocranium?

A
  1. Occipital Bone
  2. Body of Sphenoid Bone
  3. Ethmoid Bone
  4. Petrous and mastoid parts of Temporal Bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What bones arise from the membranous neurocranium?

A

Frontal and Parietal Bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What bone initially begins as part of the viscerocranium and then migrates to become part of neurocranium?

A

Frontal Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Male newborn patient presents with a long, narrow, wedge-shaped head.

What is the most likely diagnosis? This most likely results from premature closure of what suture?

A

Scaphocephaly

Sagittal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Male infant that has a high, tower-like head may have what disorder? From premature closure of what suture?

A

Brachycephaly

Coronal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An infant presenting with a twisted, asymmetric head may have what disorder? Due to premature closure of what suture?

A

Plagiocephaly

Coronal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A premature closure of the frontal (metopic) suture may result in what disorder? What bones does this affect?

A

Trigonocephaly

Frontal and Orbital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the facial primordia?

What makes up the facial primordia?

A

Tissue that surrounds stromodeum (primitive mouth)

  • 2 Maxillary Prominences
  • 2 Mandibular Prominences
  • 1 Frontonasal Prominence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What separates the the facial primordia from the pharyngeal pharynx?

A

Oropharyngeal Membane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In what weeks does facial development occur?

A

Weeks 4-8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does the mandibular prominece fold?

What can incomplete fusion result in?

A
  1. Oropharyngeal membrane disintegrates
  2. Medial ends of both prominences merge

Incomplete fusion can lead to chin dimple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the maxillary prominences give rise to?

A

Upper Lip

Maxilla

Secondary Palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What pharyngeal arch do the muscles of facial expression come from?

What do they invade into?

A

2nd Pharyngeal Arch

Invade primordial lips and cheeks to give facial expression muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the frontonasal prominence give rise to?

A

Forehead

Caudal boundary of stomodeum and nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

At the end of the 4th week, what forms on the inferolateral parts of the frontal nasal prominence?

A

Nasal placodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the direct embryonic origin of the philtrum?

A

Fusion of Median Nasal Prominence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What seapartes lateral nasal prominence from maxillary prominence?

When do they fuse?

A

Nasolacrimal Groove

Fuses by Week 6

20
Q

How does the auricle develop?

A

Six hillocks surround Pharyngeal Arch 1 and is pushed from the neck to side of the head when the mandible develops

21
Q

What pharyngeal arch do the muscles of mastication arise from?

A

1st Pharyngeal Arch

22
Q

How do nasal cavities form?

A
  1. Nasal Placodes (thickened ectoderm) depress and form nasal pits (eventual nostrils)
  2. Primitve oronasal membrane is formed and disintegrates giving nasal sacs
23
Q

What are some of the nasal cavity derivatives?

A

Nasal Choncahe: Superior, Middle, and Inferior

Olfactory Epithelium

24
Q

What is the critical period for palatogenesis?

A

Weeks 6-9 (finishes development at 12)

25
Q

What gives rise to the intermaxillary segment?

A

Medial Nasal Prominence

26
Q

What part of the palate does the intermaxillary segment give rise to?

A

Primary palate

Fusion of median nasal prominences

27
Q

What is the embryonic origin of the secondary palate?

A

Lateral palatine processes (shelves) from the maxillary prominences

28
Q

What is the incsive fossa a remnant of?

A

Nasopalatine Canal

29
Q

How does the nasal septum form?

A
  1. Downward growth of merged medial nasal prominences
  2. Fuses with lateral palatine processes (from maxillary)
30
Q

What embryonic structures failed to fuse in cleft lip?

A

Maxillary prominences and median nasal prominences

31
Q

What structures failed to fuse in a cleft palate?

A

Lateral palatine process w/ nasal septum and/or medial palatine process

32
Q

What is choanal atresia?

A
  • Bony abnormalities of pterygoid plates (sphenoid bone) and midfacial growth abnormalities
  • Symptoms
    • Upper Airway Obstruction
    • Noisy Breathing
    • Cyanosis
33
Q

How does the anterior ⅔ of the tongue form?

What induces the development?

A
  1. Median lingual swelling appears first
  2. Two lateral lingual swellings develop on either side

Induced by mesenchyme from Pharyngeal Arch 1

34
Q

What are the contributions of Pharngyeal Arches 2,3, and 4 to form the posterior ⅓ of the tongue?

A
  • Ventromedial parts of Pharngyeal Arch 2: Copula
  • Ventromedial parts of Pharngyeal Arch 3 and 4: Hypopharyngeal Eminence

Hypopharyngeal eminence overgrows copula to form posterior ⅓ of tongue

35
Q

What embryological structures do tongue muscles arise from?

A

Myoblasts of occipital myotomes

NOT NEURAL CREST CELLS

36
Q

What is glossoschissis?

A

Bifid tongue (abnormal fusion of lateral lingual swellings)

37
Q

What is ankyloglossia?

A

Short Frenulum

  • Attachment between tongue and floor of oral cavity is too short and anchors tongue down, limiting movement
    • Problems with breastfeeding and speaking
38
Q

What is macroglossia?

What is it asscoiated with?

A

Large Tongue

Associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann and Down Syndrome

39
Q

What is the order of tooth bud formation? In what week?

A

Anterior mandibular => anterior maxillary => posterior

Week 6

40
Q

What cells produce dentin?

A

Odontoblasts from dental papilla cells

41
Q

What cells produce enamel?

A

Ameloblasts from inner enamel epithelium

42
Q

What stage of odontogenesis are inner enamel and outer enamel epithelium formed?

A

Cap stage

43
Q

What stage of odontogenesis are dentin and enamel formed?

A

Bell stage

44
Q

What forms from fusion of the inner and outher enamel epithelium?

A

Epithelial root sheath => dental root/dental sac

45
Q

What forms the collagen ligament that anchors tooth to bone?

A

Outer cells of the dental sac

46
Q

What cells are responsible for degenerating roots of baby teeth to make room for permanent teeth?

A

Osteoclasts

Year 1: 05. Neuro Exam 1 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions