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Year 1: 05. Neuro Exam 1 > Lecture 11: Histology of Nasal and Oral Cavities > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Histology of Nasal and Oral Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

What are the hallmarks of respiratory epithelium?

A
  • Ciliated
  • Thick basement membrane
  • Many goblet cells

Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated Epithelium

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2
Q

What are three regions of the nasal cavities?

A

Nasal Vesituble: Nostril area

Respiratory Region: Inferior ⅔

Olfactory Region: Superior ⅓

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3
Q

What type of epithelium lines the nasal vestibule?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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4
Q

What are paranasal sinuses?

What is their clinical significance?

A
  • Extensions of respiratory region of the nasal cavity
  • Communicates with nasal cavities via narrow openings
  • Subject to infections (URI)
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5
Q

What are the hallmarks of olfactory mucosa?

A
  • Lacks Goblet Cells
  • Dramatically thicker than respiratory epithelium
    • Still pseudostratified ciliated columnar
  • Thin Basement Membrane
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6
Q

What is the function of the olfactory glands?

A

Serous secretions that dissolve odorant molecules

Make up for lack of mucus from goblet cells

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7
Q

What cells have specialized, nonmotile cilia with odorant receptors?

A

Olfactory Receptor Cells

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8
Q

What type of epithelium is found in the oral cavity?

What are the three classifications of this epithelium?

A

Protective Mucous Membrane: Oral Mucosa

  • Stratified Squamous (w/ varying keratinization)
    • Masticatory
    • Lining
    • Specialized Mucosa
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9
Q

What layer of mucosa in the oral cavity contains the neurovasculature?

A

Papillary Layer of Lamina Propria

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10
Q

If the submucosal layer is present in the oral cavity, what does it contain?

A

Loose CT

Adipose Tissue

Salivary glands

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11
Q

What epithelium makes up the masticatory mucosa?

A

Keratinized and/or parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

  • Nuclei highly condensed
  • Thin/absent submucosal layer*
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12
Q

Where can you find masticatory mucosa?

A

Hard palate

Gingiva

Dorsal surface of the tongue

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13
Q

What is the purpose of rete ridges and papillae in masticatory mucosa?

A

Allows mucosa to stay firmly adhered to connective tissue beneath it

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14
Q

Where is lining mucosa found?

A
  • Lips
  • Cheeks
  • Alveolar mucosal surface: where teeth are fixed
  • Floor of mouth
  • Inferior surfaces of the tongue
  • Soft palate
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15
Q

What type of oral mucosa would have a distinct submucosa?

A

Lining mucosa

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16
Q

What type of epithelium makes up lining mucosa?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous, may be parakeratinized in some sections

Quite Thick

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17
Q

What are the 3 layers of the epithelium of lining mucosa?

A
  1. Stratum basale: single layer and regenerates cells
  2. Stratum spinosum: thick layer
  3. Stratum superficiale: surface cells
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18
Q

What sense is the oral specialized mucosa associated with?

A

Taste

19
Q

Where is the oral specialized mucosa located?

A

Dorsal surface of the tongue

-contains papillae and taste buds

20
Q

What type of epithelium makes up oral specialized mucosa?

A

Keratinized epithelium w/ lamina propria

21
Q

What lingual papillae do not contain taste buds?

A

Filiform papillae

22
Q

What is the function of the filiform papillae?

A

Move food towards pharynx for swallowing

Give dorsal surface of tongue velvety texture

No taste!

23
Q

What structure is this?

A

Filiform papillae

24
Q

Where are foliate papillae generally found on the tongue?

What does it do?

A

Posterior lateral regions

Provides taste sensation

25
Q

What structure is this?

A

Foliate Papillae

26
Q

Where are fungiform papillae generally found on the tongue?

What does it do?

A

Dorsal Surface

Provides taste sensation

27
Q

What structure is this?

A

Fungiform Papillae

28
Q

Where can circumvallate papillae be found?

A
  • Few in number but has hundreds of taste buds
  • Location restricted to the posterior part of tongue
29
Q

What structure is this?

A

Circumvallate Papillae

30
Q

Where else can taste buds be found that is not part of the tongue?

A

Mucosa

  • Glossopalatine arch
  • Soft palate
  • Posterior surface of epiglottis
  • Posterior wall of pharynx
31
Q

What is the role of neuroepithelial cells in the taste buds?

A
  • Elongated cells extending from basal lamina of epithelium to the taste pore
  • Synapse with afferent sensory neurons of CN VII, IX, or X
32
Q

What structure is this?

A

Taste bud

33
Q

What are tonsils and where are they found?

A

Large lymphoid tissue that protects against inhaled or ingested substances

Found in: mucosa of posterior oral cavity, oropharynx, and nasopharynx

34
Q

What type of epithelium is found in palatine tonsils?

What other important histological features are there?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

  • Tonsillar Crypts: 10-20 deep invaginations
  • Dense CT
35
Q

What type of epithelium is found in pharyngeal tonsils?

What other important histological features are there?

A

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated squamous epithelium

  • Posterior wall of nasopharynx
  • Invaginated mucosa but no crypts
  • Thin capsule
36
Q

What type of epithelium is found in lingual tonsils?

What other important histological features are there?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

  • Base of tongue
  • Crypts
  • No capsule
37
Q

What two parts is the teeth divided into?

What is the bulk of the tooth made up of?

A

Divided into:

  • Crown: projects into oral cavity and protected by enamel
    • What you see in mouth
  • Root: Embedded in alveolar ridge of alveolus (tooth socket)
    • Invested by a thin layer of cementum

Mostly made of dentin

38
Q

Dentin

What is its composition?

What does it enclose?

What is its function?

A
  • Composed of calcified organic matrix
    • similar to bone
  • Contains central pulp cavity
    • Has neurovasculature, lymphatics, and mesenchymal cells
39
Q

Where are dentinal tubules found?

A

Radiating from pulp chamber to enamel rods

40
Q

What structure attaches bone to the cementum of the tooth?

A

Periodontal Ligament

41
Q

What substance holds the enamel rods together?

A

Interprismatic material

42
Q

Where would Lines of Retzius be found?

A

In the enamel

43
Q

What are these structures?

A
44
Q

What structure is this?

What are the structures labelled?

A

Dental Tissue

Year 1: 05. Neuro Exam 1 (26 decks)

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