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Q3 Physio II Test 1 > Large, Small Intestines (lec 5) > Flashcards

Large, Small Intestines (lec 5) Flashcards

1
Q

Plicae circulares are?

Purpose?

A

deep, circular folds in mucosa and sub of Small Int (SI)

slow chyme,
↑ absorptive SA

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2
Q

Villi are?

Purpose?

A

extensions of mucosa on plicae

↑ absorptive SA
bv and lacteal (lymph) for absorption

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3
Q

Microvilli are?

Purpose?

A

mucosal cells on plasma memb,
brush border

↑ absorptive SA of epithelial cells
absorb fats/nutrients from chyme

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4
Q

Crypt of Lieberkuhn is?

A

tubular invag on epithelium around villi

secrete H2O/electrolytes

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5
Q

Paneth cells in SI lining do what?

A

secrete lysozymes and defensins

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6
Q

Basic electrical rhythm of intestinal motility set by?

A

slow waves

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7
Q

Segmentation in SI does?

A

mix chyme w/ juices,

exposes it to mucosa

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8
Q

Peristalsis in SI does?

Initiated by?

A

move chyme to colon

reflex from intestinal wall distention,
reflex mediated by myenteric plexus

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9
Q

Primary motility in SI during digestion is?

A

rhythmic segmentation:

alternating of simultaneous contractions/relaxation of circular mm segments

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10
Q

MMC is?

A

Migrating Myoelectrical Complexes:
cyclical, slow, intense motor activity,
moves undigest food from GI tract

start 2 hrs postprandialy,
stop while eating

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11
Q

MMC regulated by?

A

Motilin from up duo

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12
Q

SI motility PNS regulation?

A

(ACh):
excitatory (↑ contractions)
vagal, peptide (enkeph, motilin)

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13
Q

SI motility SNS regulation?

A

(NE):
inbibitory (↓ contractions)
celiac gang
superior mesenteric gang

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14
Q

SI motility ENS regulation?

A

(VIP):

inhibitory (relax smooth mm)

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15
Q

Enterogastric Reflex?

A

Nerve response, not hormonal:
inhibits gastric emptying

stimulated by:
↑ H+
fat/proteins in duo
duo distention

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16
Q

Gastroileal Reflex?

A

gastric secretion/motility will ↑ ileal motility (via gastrin and PNS)

17
Q

Ileocecal Reflex?

A

distention of ileum relaxes ileocecal sphincter,
moves shit toward rectum

Distention of colon contracts sphincter, prevent backflow

18
Q

Gastrocolic Reflex?

Mediated by?

A 
distention of stomach ↑ colonic motility,
mass movement (poop),
urge to defecate post meal

Gastrin, CCK (during gastric phase of acid secretion)

19
Q

SI secretions:
secreted by?

stimulated by?

A

submuc glands in Lieberk
goblet cells

local neural reflex (chyme in intestine)
CCK, Ach

20
Q

Colon made of?

A

longitudinal mm separated into bands (taeniae coli)

Thick mucosa w/o villi (no enz secretion, little absorb)

21
Q

Internal anal sph made of?

A

circular mm

22
Q

External anal sph made of?

A

striated mm

23
Q

Haustra are?

A

pockets in colon wall

24
Q

Appendix made of?

A

lymph tissue

25
Q

Ileocecal Regulation:

Ileocecal valve purpose?

Ileocecal sphincter purpose?

A

Prevents backflow, bacterial contamination

Constricts to prevent colon reflux

26
Q

Colonic absorption:

Absorbs?

Does NOT absorb?

A

Water and electrolytes:

Na+,
Cl- and H2O passively follow

Not glucose or AA

27
Q

Bacterial flora of colon come from?

Do what?

A

bacteria that survived SI and bacteria from anus

colonize -> ferment carbs ->
release acids/gases (H2, N2, CO2, methane)

Synthesize B vits, vit K

28
Q

Main fxn of colon?

A

absorb H2O/electro,

store feces until explusion

29
Q

Colonic motility strength?

Purpose?

A

sluggish (strong contractions not necessary),

mix and move

30
Q

Haustration contractions are?

A

very slow
mostly mix
allows signif bacterial growth

31
Q

Mass Movements are?

Stim by?

A

ascending/transverse colons contract together,
drive feces

gastrocolic reflex from food in stomach

32
Q

Colonic motility PNS regulation?

A

(Ach):
excitatory
Vagus (asc/trans colon)
Pelvic n (desc colon)

33
Q

Colonic motility SNS regulation?

A 
(NE):
inhibitory
sup mesenteric gang
inf mesen gang
hypogastric plexus
34
Q

Colonic motility ENS regulation?

A

(VIP):

inhibitory

35
Q

Status of anal sphincters during defecation?

A

internal = relaxed -> feces into anal canal

external = contract -> until consciously poop

36
Q

Status of anal sphincters during inactivity?

A

both contracted

37
Q

Defecation reflex initiated by?

A

stretch receptors in rectal wall

Q3 Physio II Test 1 (6 decks)

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