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Flashcards in LAB EXAM 2 Deck (24)
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1
Q

what is the cell wall of bacteria made of ?

A

bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan ( also called murein) which is made of polysaccharides chains cross linked by unusual peptides contains D-amino acids

2
Q

what are the round shaped bacteria called

A

cocci

3
Q

what are the rod shaped bacteria called

A

bacilli

4
Q

how do you calculate how many colonies there would be given the amount of dna

A

Concentration of DNA …..μg/μl=x(amount of DNA)/μl(used) …… transformation effciency = # of transformed cells/ amount of DNA(μg) (which is the X in the first equation)

5
Q

briefly describe the calvin cycle

A

the calvin cycle uses the reducing power of nadph and the energy of atp to reduce 6co2 to glucose all of which happens in the storm of the chloroplast

6
Q

products of the calvin cycle

A

3 CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5 H2O + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 2 H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi (Pi = inorganic phosphate)

7
Q

chi squared

A

x= (observerd - expected)^2 / expected

8
Q

what is the blah gene

A

part of the DNA which codes for beta lactase which allows for resistance to the penicillin family ampicillin

9
Q

gfp and how is it activated by arabinose

A

arabinose is an induce it activates transcription of the GFP

10
Q

what is special about blood agar what does it mean when bacteria grows on it

A

blood agar plates allow for the growth of fastidious organisms

11
Q

why is the oil lense harder to focus

A

because it has a small depth of field

12
Q

what happens when arabinose is present but not ampicillin

A

the cells would grow in a lawn formation because there would be not amp to kill any cells they would also glow green because the arabinose would activate transcription of GFP

13
Q

calculate RF value

A

distance pigment moves/distance solvent moves

14
Q

rules for working with bacteria safely

A

no food or drinks wash hands with soap before leaving lab put contaminated disposables in hazard arg disinfect table before leaving lab bit microscope gal but bacteria slides in disinfecting water

15
Q

positive and negative controls

A

negative control - no effect when there should be no effect

positive control - an effect happens when there should be an effect

16
Q

araC

A

a promoter region that regulates the expression of gap which requires arabinose present

17
Q

GFP

A

the green fluorescent protein which gives a green glow if cells produce this type of protein

18
Q

Bla

A

which codes for the enzyme beta lactase which the transformed bacteria resistance to the beta lactic family of antibiotics

19
Q

heterozygous

A

having two different alleles for a trait ex Tt

20
Q

homozygous

A

having the same alleles for a trait TT tt

21
Q

absorbtion spectrum range

A

400-700

22
Q

where would you find pigment

A

thylakoid membrane

23
Q

Prophase I

A

Chromosomes coil up nuclear envelope disappears spindle forms homolosg Spain up crossing over

24
Q

Prophase II

A

Chromosomes coil up nuclear envelope disappears spindle forms