L 31

Question 1

What suffixes are used with the greek comparative?

Answer 1

1) -τερος, α, ον, (2-1-2)

2) - (ι)ων, -(ι)ον (3-3)

Question 2

What suffixes are used with the greek superlative?

Answer 2

1) -τατος, η, ον, (2-1-2)

2) -ιστος, η, ον (2-1-2)

Question 3

How are many comparative and superlative Greek adjectives formed? Exceptions?

Answer 3

1) By adding the suffixes to adjectives
2) Yes, some are irregular
Example: ἰσχυρός “strong,” ἰσχυρότερος “stronger,” ἰσχυρότατος “strongest.”

Question 4

Which degree of the adjective is rare in biblical Greek? What happens as a result?

Answer 4

superlative

the comparative often substitutes for it

Question 5

What are the two ways that comparison is made in Greek? And what are they called?

Answer 5

1) A word in the genitive case may follow the comparative adjective.
[genitive of comparision]
2) The conjunction ἤ may be used, followed by a noun in the same case as the first member of the comparison.

Question 6

Because some adverbs are closely related to adjectives; what does the adjective do to change it into an adverb? Is this true for all?

Answer 6

1) remove the final ν from the genitive plural form of the adjective and put a ς in its place. Thus: καλός “good” … καλῶν (gen. plur.) … καλῶς “well.”
2) no, many unpredicatble

Question 7

An example of an adjective transitioning into different forms of the adverb σοφός “wise”

Answer 7

1) The adverb = σοφῶς “wisely”;
2) the comparative adverb = σοφώτερον “more wisely”; (built on the comparative adjective accusative neuter singular)
3) the superlative adverb = σοφώτατα “most wisely.”
(built on the superlative adjective accusative neuter plural)

Question 8

What does Greek do to indicate a question that indicates a no answer?

Answer 8

contain the negative μή
μὴ ἐφάγετε τὸν ἄρτον τῶν τέκνων;
You didn’t eat the children’s bread, did you?
Expected answer: No, we did not!

Question 9

What does Greek do to indicate a question that indicates a yes answer?

Answer 9

have the negative οὐ (οὐκ, οὐχ, οὐχί).
ἐκείνη ἡ γυνὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ βασιλέως;
That woman is the mother of the king, isn’t she?
Expected answer: Yes, she is!

Question 10

Explain the contrary to fact conditional sentence?

Answer 10

an unreal circumstance is assumed in the protasis (the “if” clause). The apodosis (the “then” clause) expresses what would have occurred if that circumstance had truly existed.

Question 11

What indicators are in the contrary to fact conditional sentence? And in what part of the sentence (apodosis, and protasis)

Answer 11

1) The protasis of a contrary to fact condition is introduced with the particle εἰ
2) The apodosis usually contains ἄν, though ἄν is sometimes omitted.
3) Both clauses use past tense verbs of the indicative mood.

Question 12

If the apodosis or the protasis are negated which negation do they take?

Answer 12

1) protasis is negated with μή. (if)

2) apodosis is οὐ. (then)

Question 13

There are two types of contrary to fact conditions: present and past. What verbs does the present use? And what is the basic structure?

Answer 13

Imperfects
ει + Imperfect (and modifiers), (modifier) αν + imperfect (modifiers)
“If X were (now) the case, Y would not be happening.”
εἰ ἐκείνη ἡ γυνὴ ἦν νεκρά, οὐκ ἂν περιεπάτει ἐν τῇ κώμῃ.
If that woman were dead, she would not be walking around in the village.

Question 14

There are two types of contrary to fact conditions: present and past. What verbs does the past use? And what is the basic structure?

Answer 14

Aorist
ει + aorist (and modifiers), (modifier) αν + aorist (modifiers)
“If X had (at some point in the past) been the case, Y would not have happened.”
εἰ ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος μὴ ἠγάπησεν ἑτέραν, ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἂν ἐσταύρωσεν αὐτόν.
If this man had not loved another (woman), his wife would not have crucified him.