Key Factors Of Rise And Decline Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Key Factors Of Rise And Decline Deck (29)
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1
Q

Rome

A

Conquered by the etruscans and overthrown by roman republic

2
Q

Etruscans

Rome

A

Modified Greek civilization
Writing
Religious practices
Engineering skills

3
Q

Clans

Rome

A

Groups or families

4
Q

Nobles (patricians)

Rome

A
Fathers
Privileged class functioned as advisory council to king and had certain political rights
5
Q

Family unit

Rome

A

Family itself
Free clients
Slaves

6
Q

Rome religion

A

Animalistic religion

7
Q

Rome household religion

A
Household gods (lares & penates)
Protect the household
Ancestors worshipped and death masks maintained
8
Q

Establishment of roman republic

A

Desire to be free of Etruscans
Desire to put an end to tyranny of last king
Kind of political evolution that occurred elsewhere as the noble class wanted to cast aside control of the monarch and establish aristocratic form of government

9
Q

Rome to conquer Italy

A

Center of peninsula
Army
Disunity of enemies
Imperialism- self-government to local people
Disciplined family structure
Superior form of government- the republic

10
Q

Roman written law rights to common people

A

Right to popular assemble
Creation of tribunes to protect rights of all citizens
Creation of special new officials who were to make government fairer and more efficient

11
Q

Roman hortensian law

A

Nobles and commoners to intermarry and permitted commoners to hold public offices

12
Q

Decline of the republic

A
Not have infrastructure to absorb conquered people
Political decay
Vast economic and social change
Military failure
Civil war erupted
Taxation
Government oppression
Corrupt resident government officials
13
Q

The first triumvirate

End of the roman republic

A

Caesar, Pompey, Crassus.
Caesar attempt to establish dictatorship
Caesar made many reforms, including reducing power of senate, but killed in senate

14
Q

The second triumvirate

The end of roman republic

A

Octavian, mark Antony, Lepidus
Octavian emerged victorious from ensuring power struggle and became ruler of Rome. Octavian established “disguised monarchy” share power with senate, though he withheld most of the power

Improved government
Extended citizenship rights to all roman soldiers

15
Q

Roman Empire contributions

A
  • Peace and prosperity
  • Codification of roman law
  • Unified empire allowed self-government to component city-states
  • Introduction of idea of separation of powers and popular sovereignty
  • Development of “science” of public administration
  • Tax collection methods
  • Extensive civil-service program
  • Tolerance and granting of citizenship rights to all inhabitants
  • Engineering and construction of excellent roads, bridges, aqueducts, and sanitation systems
  • Construction of massive buildings
  • Preservation of Greek artistic techniques
  • Development of education
  • Refinement of rhetoric
  • Literature
  • Extension of philosophy in Greek tradition
16
Q

Political decline of Roman Empire

A

Anarchy and military emperors led to war and destruction

“Divine right” absolute monarchy, new imperial bureaucracy, new administrative divisions to lessen burden of ruling

17
Q

Economic decline of Roman Empire

A

Wasteful agricultural methods
Decline of commerce
Skilled workers bound to jobs and forced to accept government wages and prices
Lack of productivity and inadequate investment of capital
Draining of gold from western part of empire

18
Q

Biological, ecological, and social decline of Roman Empire

A
Deforestation
Bad agricultural methods
Diseases
Earthquakes
Immorality
Brutal treatment of masses in cities
Decay of pagan beliefs and roman ideas with rise of Christianity
19
Q

Han dynasty

A

Founded by Lou clan family
Greatest periods in Chinese history
China officially Confucian state
Empire prosperous and commerce flourished

20
Q

Qin dynasty

A

Emperor Qin shi hang

21
Q

Han dynasty revolts

A

Peasants
Prisoners
Soldiers
Descendants of nobles of “six warring states”
Divided the country into 19 states
Five years of war followed

22
Q

Han dynasty emperor

A

Liu bang (emperor Gao)- Consolidate his power and then to consolidate the empire

23
Q

Han dynasty government

A

Reduced taxation
reduce the governments control over the lives of people
created stability

24
Q

Emperor wu

A

Let the most prosperous period of the dynasty
Fought back
Made china a Confucian state
Sent envoy to the west and pioneered Silk Road
Gave control of land to merchants

25
Q

Accomplishments of Han dynasty

A
Strong military 
westward expansion 
Secure caravan traffic
Tributary System 
Silk Road
Confucian state
paper invention 
literacy and artistic revival
26
Q

Accomplishments of Han dynasty

A

Restricting coining of metal to the government first dictionary
Length of the solar year
observation of sunspots
eclipses natural phenomena
artistic carving in stone depicted realistic action
Making of mirrors glass and lacquered objects
introduction of Buddhism into China

27
Q

Han dynasty rapid decline after wu’s death.

Wang Mang

A

seized throne and ruled as emperor after wu

Introduce dramatic innovations- unpopular with rich
Reforms- ending slavery, dividing large estates, price fixing

28
Q

Later Han rulers

A

Weak
Incompetent

Taoist red turbans- contributed to decline of dynasty. Further weakening resulted from internal corruption and political infighting.

29
Q

Han dynasty ends

A

Captured by the Huns