Actinic (solar) keratosis
precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
cushing’s ulcer (increased intracranial pressure stimulates vagal gastric secretion)
acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
Curling’s ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)
alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
skip lesions, characteristic of crohn’s
dissecting aneurism
hypertension
aortic aneurism, abdominal and descending aorta
atherosclerosis
aortic aneurism, arch
tertiary syphilis (syphilitic aortitis), vasa vasorum destruction
aortic aneurism, ascending
Marfan’s (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration
Atrophy of the mammillary bodies
Wernicke’s encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, and confusion)
Autospenectiomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)
Sickle cell anemia (Hb S)
Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer
H. pylori
Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)
strep pneumo
bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids)
Group B strep (newborns), S. pneumo/neisseria meningtitidis (kids)
Benign melanocytic nevus
spitz nevus (most common in first two decades
Bleeding disorder with GpIb deficiency
Bernard-Soulier syndrome (defect in platelet adhesion to vWb factor)
Brain tumor (adults)
supratentorial: metastasis? astrocytoma (including glioblasoma multiforme)>meningioma>achwannoma
brain tumor (kids)
infratentorial:medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma (cerebrum)
Breast cancer
infiltrating ductal carcinoma (in US, 1/9 women will develop breast cancer)
Breast mass
fibrocystic change, carcinoma (in postmenopausal women)
Brast tumor (benign)
fibroadenoma
Primary cardiac tumor, kids
Rhabdomyoma, often seen in tuberous sclerosis
cardiac manifestation of lupus
Libman-Sacks endocarditis (nonbacterial, affecting both sides of the mitral valve
Cardiac tumor (adults)
Metastasis, primary myxoma
cerebellar tonsillar herniation
chiari malformation (often presents with progressive hydrocephalus or syringomyelia)
chronic arrhythmia
atrial fibrillation (and associate risk of embolism)
chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)
predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)
clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES exposure in utero
Compression fracture
ostroporosis (type I: postmenopausal women, type II: elderly man or woman)
congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
21-hydroxylase deficiency
congenital cardiac abnormailty
ventricular septal defect (VSD)
congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
Dublin Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile
Constrictive pericarditis
tuberculosis (developing world), SLE (developed world)
Coronary arteries involved in thrombosis
LAD>RCA>LCA
cretinism
iodine deficit/hypothyroidism