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PANRE review > Kaplan test > Flashcards

Kaplan test Flashcards

1
Q

Pt presents with retrosternal pain radiating to the back and jaw described as squeezing. Pain is aggravated by swallowing cold liquids. Diagnosis?

A

Esophageal spasm

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2
Q

Pt with acute trauma, LOC then lucid period before altered mental status. CT shows a lens shaped (convex) bleed protruding into the brain parenchyma. Diagnosis?

A

Epidural hematoma

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3
Q

Auer rods, which blood CA?

A

AML

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4
Q

What doe heinz bodies indicate on peripheral smear?

A

G6PD deficiency

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5
Q

What are Hirano bodies?

A

eosinophilic rod-like structures found adjacent to pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus in neurodegenerative diseases (alzheimer’s, Pick’s)

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6
Q

What are Howell-Jolly bodies on smear associated with?

A

Asplenia

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7
Q

Philadelphia chromosoma blood CA?

A

CML

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8
Q

The vetilline duct, if not totally obliterated in the 7th week of life, can persist as what structure name?

A

Meckel’s diverticulum 3-4 feet above the ileocolic junction

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9
Q

What is the most common bone malignancy (adolescents with pain or swelling in the bone or joint)?

A

Osteosarcoma

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10
Q

What is the most common cause of urethritis?

A

Gonorrhea

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11
Q

What is the most common cause of cystitis (suprapubic discomfort)?

A

Coliform bacteria (e. coli)

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12
Q

symptomatic pt with a negative HIV ELISA test, what are the next steps toward diagnosis?

A

Send a viral load and a p24 antigen which are most sensitive

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13
Q

What are the Anti SM and Anti DS DNA tests for?

A

SLE, positive 40-60% of patients

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14
Q

What is the Anti-centromere (ACA) antibody for?

A

Scleroderma minor (CREST syndrome) the more insidious version of scleroderma

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15
Q

What is the Anti-DNA tropoisomerase I test for?

A

scleroderma typical patients are 70% positive

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16
Q

What is another word for sociopath?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

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17
Q

What study should be ordered to diagnose a pleural effusion?

A

left lateral decubitus xray

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18
Q

pt with new normocytic anemia has tear dropped cells. Diagnostic test? likely diagnosis?

A

bone marrow biopsy likely will show myelofibrosis (marrow fibrosis)

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19
Q

What is the chance that polyps are malignant?

A

Flat polyps - villous adenomas: 35%, adenomatous or villoglandular - 2%

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20
Q

At what age is intussusception most likely to occur?

A

3-12 months of age

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21
Q

What are the most common pharmacologic offenders of adverse effects of angioedema and urticaria (4 classes + 1 specific)?

A

Antibiotics, NSAIDs including ASA, Opiates, Contrast, ACE inhibitors

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22
Q

Female newborn with low apgar and on exam macroglossia, coarse facial features, enlarged fontanelles and an umbilical hernia. LIkely diagnosis? Confirmatory test?

A

congenital hypothyroidism confirm with thyrotropin (TSH) and T4
May not develop full symptoms until 3-6 months of age with failure to thrive

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23
Q

how long after starting wellbutrin is a quit date initiated for smoking cessation?

A

5-7 days

24
Q

What immunoglobulin is for conferred immunity?

A

IgG

25
Q

What immuniglobulin is for allergies?

A

IgE

26
Q

What is the first antibody detected in response to an antigen?

A

IgA

27
Q

Pt with vasculitis, upper/lower respiratory tract infections (recurrent) and glomerular nephritis, diagnosis?

A

Wegeners granulomatosis

28
Q

Patient having difficulty writing and spasms when doing so. Feeling as though he just can’t bend is wrist the right way. Otherwise, no physical findings. Diagnosis?

A

Writer’s dystonia

29
Q

Treatment for port wine stain skin lesions?

A

pulsed laser treatment

30
Q

patient presents with short course diarrhea with blood and pus, organism?

A

Campylobacter

31
Q

What is the most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea?

A

Enterotoxic e. coli

32
Q

How do you treat a patient with bleeding hemophilia B?

A

Factor IX transfusion

33
Q

What is the diagnostic imaging of choice for a AAA?

A

abd ultrasound

34
Q

HIV patient with diarrhea and weight loss, organism?

A

Cryptosporidium

35
Q

What is the treatment of presumed tylenol overdose within the first 4 hours?

A

NAC and activated charcoal

36
Q

newborn turns blue but improves with crying, diagnosis?

A

coanal atresia (membrane preventing nasal oxygen exchange)

37
Q

What is the antedote to benzos for quick reversal?

A

flumazenil

38
Q

What is the antedote to heparine?

A

protamine

39
Q

What is the antedote for acute lead poisoning?

A

Calcium disodium edetate

40
Q

What is the Kleihauer-Betke test?

A

a test to identify the amount of maternal fetal hemorrhage exposure to determine rho-gam dose to be given after delivery

41
Q

To maintain a patient ductus arteriosus in an infant with artery malformations, what management is performed?

A

prostalgandin E1 administration and room air ventilation to decrease oxygen’s effect on a narrowing ductus

42
Q

pt with dyspnea and honeycombing on cxr. Diagnosis?

A

Asbestosis

43
Q

pt with dyspnea and eggshell pattern on cxr, diagnosis?

A

silicosis

44
Q

In a child with BRBPR, what is the first diagnostic test even if h/h is stable?

A

radionucleotide bleeding scan

45
Q

What is the threshold for adding prednisone in the treatment of pneumocystis?

A

prednisone decreases mortality in PJP patients by 50% in the setting of hypoxia

46
Q

Initial pneumonia management in an IVDU? organism?

A

S. Aureus, vancomycin

47
Q

Patient in ICU with normal TSH, low T3/T4, diagnosis?

A

Euthyroid sick syndrome

48
Q

What addictive substance is associated with a high MCV?

A

alcoholism - thiamine/folate deficiencies

49
Q

What is the initial treatment of suspected septicemia in a sickle cell patient?

A

3rd gen cef or fq

50
Q

What is the organism most ommonly afflicting CF patients when septic?

A

Pseudomonas

51
Q

First treatment of choice for lung Small cell carcinoma?

A

chemo rad before surgery

52
Q

What is the pathogen of an endocarditis induced by a dental procedure?

A

strep viridans

53
Q

What is the pathogen (2) in endocarditis in IVDU?

A

Pseudomonas, serratia

54
Q

In an HIV patient with mono, what should you suspect?

A

B cell lymphoma

55
Q

What is the test of choice for identifying acromegaly (GH oversecretion)?

A

insulin-like growth factor - for GH levels, you have to first administer glucose then measure multiple times

56
Q

What IV administration will immediately lower circulating potassium?

A

calcium gluconate

57
Q

An otherwise healthy patient wears contacts and has a ulcer on her eye, pathogen?

A

Acanthameoba

PANRE review (14 decks)

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