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Flashcards in Islam Exam Deck (67)
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1
Q

Muhammad

A

Founder of Islam, and final prophet

2
Q

Allah

A

God

3
Q

Muslim

A

One who has surrendered to the will of God

4
Q

Bedouin

A

An arab nomad

5
Q

Shaykh

A

Leader of the tribe, governed as first among equals

6
Q

The Angel Gabriel

A

Told Muhammad to take down the words of Allah

7
Q

Sunna

A

Well trodden path, and Muhammads own teachings and actions

8
Q

Mosque

A

Muslim place of worship

9
Q

Qur’an

A

Holy book for muslims

10
Q

Sura

A

Chapters of the Quran

11
Q

Umma

A

Community of believers of Muslim

12
Q

Hadith

A

Scriptural source of secondary importance

13
Q

Khadija

A

Muhammad’s first wife

14
Q

Fatima

A

Muhammad’s daughter

15
Q

Adhan

A

To call and come together to pray

16
Q

Quraysh

A

Local tribe in Mecca that became the keepers of the Ka’ba

17
Q

Ka’ba

A

Black cube stone building in Mecca that is the most sacred Muslim shrine

18
Q

Hajj

A

Pilgrimage to Mecca that happens in the last month of the year

19
Q

Eid al-Adha

A

The end of Ramadan

20
Q

Hijra

A

Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Medina

21
Q

Caliph

A

Representative or delegate

22
Q

Abu Bakr

A

Supreme leader of Islam and successor to Muhammad

23
Q

Ali

A

Muhammad’s cousin/son-in-law

24
Q

Sunni

A

Majority seet in Islam

25
Q

Shi’ite

A

Minority seet of Islam that descend from Muhammad’s son-in-law Ali

26
Q

Umayyads

A

Responsible for the foundation of Mecca

27
Q

3 Main Branches of Shi’ism

A

Twelver Shi’is, Islam’ilis, Zaydis

28
Q

Imam

A

The leader of the friday worship service who also delivers a sermon

29
Q

Ja’far al-Sadiq

A

Sixth imam, considered a very great scholar

30
Q

Ja’fari

A

Major shi’i school of religious law

31
Q

Ijithad

A

Independent reasoning

32
Q

Zahir & Batin

A

Zahir- apparent, real, literal

Batin- hidden, interior

33
Q

Kalam

A

Speech or dialectic

34
Q

Shari’a

A

The Islamic law

35
Q

Faqih

A

An expert in Islamic jursidicture

36
Q

Mufti

A

Somone specifically chosen to answer questions concerning the Islamic law

37
Q

Fatwa

A

A legal opinion or decree

38
Q

Qadi

A

Islamic judges

39
Q

Sufism/Tasawwuf

A

Islamic mysticism, seeks direct contact with God

40
Q

Fana

A

Extinction, the sense of loss of self in mystical experience

41
Q

Dhikr

A

A devotional remembrance of Allah through his recitation of his 99 names

42
Q

Tariqas

A

The way, path or method

43
Q

The Three Sufi Orders

A

Qadiri, Christi, Soharwardi

44
Q

Dervish

A

A sufi ascetic

45
Q

Sema

A

Physically active meditation

46
Q

Baraka

A

Spiritual wisdom and blessing transmitted from master to pupil

47
Q

Jinn

A

An invisible being of fire

48
Q

Nabi and rasul

A

Nabi-prophet

Rasul-Messanger prophet

49
Q

5 Pillars

A
  1. Recitation of the creed
  2. Daily Prayer
  3. Almsgiving
  4. Fasting during Ramadan
  5. Pilgramage
50
Q

Wudu

A

Washing

51
Q

Ramadan

A

9th month when people fast from sunrise to sunset

52
Q

Eid al-Fitr

A

The end of Ramadan

53
Q

Salat/salah/namaz

A

Islamic ritual prayer

54
Q

Sajda

A

Prostration performed in mosque

55
Q

Masjid

A

The mosque to non-muslims

56
Q

Qibla Wall

A

The wall of the mosque that faces Mecca

57
Q

Mihrab

A

Semi circle niche set into the qibla wall

58
Q

Minbar

A

A puplit in the mosque where the Imam stands to deliver sermons

59
Q

Muezzin

A

One that calls Muslim worshipers to prayer

60
Q

Madrasas

A

Formal colleges for the higher teaching of Islam

61
Q

Jihad

A

Striving in the path of God

62
Q

Islamist

A

Type of Islam that wants to go back to Sharia completely

63
Q

Muslim Brotherhood

A

One of the first Islamist groups to emerge in the 20th century

64
Q

Ayatollahs

A

High ranking shia claric who are experts in the law

65
Q

The Ayatollah Khomeini

A

Member of the iranian religious establishment

66
Q

Zakat

A

Charity

67
Q

Minnaret

A

Slender towers that shoot up from the mosque