Introduction to Hematology Flashcards
The cellular component of blood makes up_____% of its volume.
40-45
when is anticoagulant added in a blood test and why?
when blood is drawn. It is added to the test tube or else the blood will clot in the tube.
To make Hemoglobin S what kind of mutation is needed?
Glu–>Val at the 6th position of the beta-globin chain. (it hurts when you get cold with sickle cell anemia so you have to put on your Glu-V).
Can RBCs make new RNA?
no they lack a nucleus. This means they have limited ability to respond to environmental changes or repair themselves.
If RBCs have no mitochondria how do they generate ATP energy?
anaerobic metabolism
what is porphyria?
mutation in the enzyme which forms the heme prosthetic group.
RBCs must have the ability to reduce reactive O2 that can accumulate in the cell. The most common disease which affects this enzyme is:
glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Like Sickle Cell it mostly affects Africans (males with this one though).
RBCs are shaped in a biconcave disk. What benefits does this afford the cell?
More surface area for gas exchange. Can manipulate shape easier to squeeze into tight areas.
Spherocytosis occurs when:
There is a mutation in the 2 dimensional elastic network of cytoskeletal proteins which tether sites on cytoplasmic domains of transmembrane proteins. This protein allows the cell to be elastic and reshape when squeezing through tight stuff.
Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid are necessary for a cell to ______.
undergo normal cell division.
Adaptive immune response is constituted mostly of ______.
lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes contribute to the development of immune memory. T or F?
T
Innate immunity is mostly done by what kind of cells?
myeloid.
CML is what chromosomes again?
9;22
