Introduction to Adolescent Medicine Flashcards
What are the three leading causes of mortality in adolescents?
1) Accidents (45.5%)
2) Homicide (15.3%)
3) Suicide (11.3%)
What are the three stages of adolescence?
- Early 12 - 14
- Middle 15 - 17
- Late 18 - 21
The first sign of puberty in females is ___________.
thelarche (breast bud development)
The first sign of puberty in males is _______________.
increase in testicular size
Menarche usually occurs __________ after thelarche.
2 years
Peak height velocity ___________ menarche.
precedes
Physical and cognitive development ___________.
do not occur simultaneously
Conflict with parents typically peaks during __________ adolescence.
middle
Describe the relationship with peers over the three stages of adolescence.
- Early: intense friendship with same-sex friend
- Middle: peak peer involvement; conformity; sexual experimentation
- Late: peers less important; more intimate relationships
During middle adolescence, there is a disconnect between _______________.
intellectual reasoning and feeling omnipotent
What percentage of girls get pregnant or contract an STI within six months of becoming sexually active?
50%
What adolescent medical information cannot be held in confidence from parents?
- Abuse
- Suicidality
- Homicidality
Clinical pearl: when you enter the room, have the adolescent _______________.
introduce the adult; that is, ask the adolescent “Who is this?” in reference to the adult. This helps get the adolescent talking and also makes them feel in control
Explain the HEEEADSSS mnemonic.
A tool for what to ask adolescents about:
• Home (“Who do you trust?” “Who’s at home?”)
• Education (“Which classes do you find difficult?” “How are your grades this year compared to last year?” “What is your GPA?”)
• Employment (“What’s your dream job?” “Are you working now?”)
•Eating
• Activity (games, sports, safety)
•Drugs
•Suicide
•Sexuality
•Safety
What percent of 13-year-old boys have had sex?
10%
