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1
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

2
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

3
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

4
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

5
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

6
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

7
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

8
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

9
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

10
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

11
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

12
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

13
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

14
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

15
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

16
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

17
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

18
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

19
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

20
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

21
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

22
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

23
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

24
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

25
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

26
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

27
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

28
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

29
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

30
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

31
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

32
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

33
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

34
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

35
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

36
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

37
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

38
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

39
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

40
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

41
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

42
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

43
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

44
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

45
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

46
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

47
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

48
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

49
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

50
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

51
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

52
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

53
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

54
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

55
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

56
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

57
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

58
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

59
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

60
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

61
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

62
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

63
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

64
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

65
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

66
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

67
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

68
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

69
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

70
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

71
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

72
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

73
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

74
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

75
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

76
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

77
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

78
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

79
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

80
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

81
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

82
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

83
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

84
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

85
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

86
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

87
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

88
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

89
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

90
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

91
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

92
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

93
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

94
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

95
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

96
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

97
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

98
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

99
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

100
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

101
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

102
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

103
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

104
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

105
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

106
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

107
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

108
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

109
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

110
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

111
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

112
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

113
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

114
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

115
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

116
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

117
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

118
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

119
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

120
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

121
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

122
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

123
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

124
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

125
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

126
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

127
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

128
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

129
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

130
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

131
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

132
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

133
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

134
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

135
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

136
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

137
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

138
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

139
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

140
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

141
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

142
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

143
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

144
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

145
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

146
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

147
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

148
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

149
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

150
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

151
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

152
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

153
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

154
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

155
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

156
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

157
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

158
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

159
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

160
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

161
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

162
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

163
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

164
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

165
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

166
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

167
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

168
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

169
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

170
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

171
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

172
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

173
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

174
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

175
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

176
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

177
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

178
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

179
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

180
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

181
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

182
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

183
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

184
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

185
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

186
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

187
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

188
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

189
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

190
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

191
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

192
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

193
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

194
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

195
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

196
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

197
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

198
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

199
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

200
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

201
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

202
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

203
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

204
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

205
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

206
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

207
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

208
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

209
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

210
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

211
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

212
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

213
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

214
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

215
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

216
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

217
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

218
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

219
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

220
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

221
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

222
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

223
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

224
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

225
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

226
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

227
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

228
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

229
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

230
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

231
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

232
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

233
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

234
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

235
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

236
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

237
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

238
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

239
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

240
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

241
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

242
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

243
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

244
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

245
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

246
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

247
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

248
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

249
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

250
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

251
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

252
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

253
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

254
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

255
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

256
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

257
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

258
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

259
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

260
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

261
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

262
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

263
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

264
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

265
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

266
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

267
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

268
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

269
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

270
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

271
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

272
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

273
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

274
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

275
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

276
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

277
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

278
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

279
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

280
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

281
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

282
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

283
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

284
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

285
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

286
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

287
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

288
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

289
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

290
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

291
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

292
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

293
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

294
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

295
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

296
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

297
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

298
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

299
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

300
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

301
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

302
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

303
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

304
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

305
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

306
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

307
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

308
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

309
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

310
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

311
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

312
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

313
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

314
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

315
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

316
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

317
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

318
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

319
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

320
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

321
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

322
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

323
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

324
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

325
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

326
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

327
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

328
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

329
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

330
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

331
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

332
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

333
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

334
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

335
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

336
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

337
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

338
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

339
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

340
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

341
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

342
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

343
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

344
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

345
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

346
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

347
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

348
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

349
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

350
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

351
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

352
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

353
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

354
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

355
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

356
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

357
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

358
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

359
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

360
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

361
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

362
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

363
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

364
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

365
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

366
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

367
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

368
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

369
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

370
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

371
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

372
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

373
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

374
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

375
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

376
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

377
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

378
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

379
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

380
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

381
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

382
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

383
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

384
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

385
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

386
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

387
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

388
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

389
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

390
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

391
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

392
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

393
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

394
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

395
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

396
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

397
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

398
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

399
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

400
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

401
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

402
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

403
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

404
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

405
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

406
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

407
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

408
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

409
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

410
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

411
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

412
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

413
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

414
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

415
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

416
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

417
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

418
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

419
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

420
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

421
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

422
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

423
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

424
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

425
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

426
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

427
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

428
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

429
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

430
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

431
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

432
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

433
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

434
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

435
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

436
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

437
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

438
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

439
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

440
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

441
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

442
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

443
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

444
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

445
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

446
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

447
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

448
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

449
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

450
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

451
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

452
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

453
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

454
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

455
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

456
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

457
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

458
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

459
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

460
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

461
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

462
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

463
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

464
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

465
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

466
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

467
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

468
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

469
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

470
Q

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

A
  1. LACK TRUE MEMBRANE BOUND NUCLEUS
  2. SINGLE HAPLOID CIRCULAR CHROMOSOME
  3. REPLICATION OF BINARY FISSION
  4. MAY CONTAIN PLASMIDS(EXTRACHROMOSAL DNA).
471
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

472
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

473
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

474
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

475
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

476
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

477
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

478
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

479
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

480
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

481
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

482
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

483
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

484
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

485
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

486
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

487
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

488
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

489
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

490
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

491
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

492
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

493
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

494
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

495
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

496
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

497
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

498
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

499
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

500
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

501
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

502
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

503
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

504
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

505
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

506
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

507
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

508
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

509
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

510
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

511
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

512
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

513
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

514
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

515
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

516
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

517
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

518
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

519
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

520
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

521
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

522
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

523
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

524
Q

BACTERIAL CAPSULE

A

VIRULENCE FACTOR
NUTRIENT RESERVE
ATTACHMENT TO HOST
PROTECTION AGAINST ENVIRONMENT AND PHAGOCYTOSIS

525
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

526
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

527
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

528
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

529
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

530
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

531
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

532
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

533
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

534
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

535
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

536
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

537
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

538
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

539
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

540
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

541
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

542
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

543
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

544
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

545
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

546
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

547
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

548
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

549
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

550
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

551
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

552
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

553
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

554
Q

DETECTION OF HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE

A

SEROLOGY DETECTS HUMORAL IMMUNITY

DETECTION OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

555
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

556
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

557
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

558
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

559
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

560
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

561
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

562
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

563
Q

DRIVERS OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

A

ANTIBIOTICS
BIOCIDES
METALS
GENES

564
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

565
Q

SPORULATION

A

FORMATION OF SPORES FROM VEGETATIVE CELLS DURING UNFAVORABLE CONDITIONS

566
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

567
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

568
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

569
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

570
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

571
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

572
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

573
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

574
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

575
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

576
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

577
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

578
Q

ENDOTOXINS

A

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL WALL THAT INDUCE INFLAMMATION

579
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

580
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

581
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

582
Q

DIRECT MICROSCOPY YOU CAN IDENTITY

A

OF BACTERIA/FUNGI
MORPHOLOGY
HOST CELLULAR RESPONSE

583
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

584
Q

COSELECTION

A

SELECTION OF MULTIPLE RESISTANCE GENES WHEN 1 IS SELECTED

585
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

586
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

587
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

588
Q

MAXIMAL STATIONARY PHASE

A

BALANCE BETWEEN SLOW MULTIPLICATION AND DEATH

589
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

590
Q

FIMBRIAE

A

VIRULENCE FACTOR

ATTACHMENT TO HOST

591
Q

HOT SPOTS FOR SELECTION

A

AGRICULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
HOUSEHOLD
INDUSTRY

592
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

593
Q

CROSS RESISTANCE

A

RESISTANCE AGAINST 1 COMPOUND PROVIDES RESISTANE TO A DIFFERENT BUT SIMILAR COMPOUND

594
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

595
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

596
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

597
Q

DETECTION OF A PATHOGEN

A

DIRECT STAINING AND MICROSCOPY
ISOLATION AND ID WITH CULTURING *GOLD STANDARD
DIRET DETECTION OF ANTIGENS OR METABOLITES OR TOXINS
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES- PCR

598
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

599
Q

FACULTATIVE INTRACELLULAR

A

CAN SURVIVE INSIDE OR OUTSIDE OF THE HOST CELL

MYCOBACTERIUM, RHODOCOCCUS

600
Q

SUPERANTIGENS

A

EXOTOXINS THAT CAUSE DYSFUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

601
Q

LAG PHASE

A

NO DIVISION
INCREASE IN CELL SIZE
ACTIVE METABOLISM

602
Q

DECLINE/DEATH PHASE

A

PROGRESSIVE DEATH OF CELLS

603
Q

GERMINATION

A

RETURN OF DORMANT CELLS TO ACTIVE GROWTH

604
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

605
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS

606
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

607
Q

GENETIC TRANSFERENCE

A

CONJUGATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSDUCTION

608
Q

OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR

A

NEEDS A HOST TO SURVIVE AND REPLICATE

CHLAMYDIA AND RICKETTSIA

609
Q

EXPONENTIAL PHASE

A

CELLS MULTIPLY AT MAXIMUM RATE

610
Q

CELL WALL

A

VIRULENCE FACTOR
PROTECTION AGAINST MECHANICAL DAMAGE AND OSMOTIC LYSIS
ENDOTOXIC EFFECTS

611
Q

CO RESISTANCE

A

COEXISTANCE OF MULTIPLE GENES OR MUTATIONS

612
Q

ENDOSPORES

A

CRYPTOBIOTIC, DORMANT STATE OF A BACTERIA
MOST DURABLE IN NATURE
FORMED INTRACELLULARLY, EXPRESSED EXTRACELLULARLY

613
Q

EXOTOXINS

A

PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS THAT ATTACK TARGET CELLS