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Anatomy and Physiology > Intro to A & P > Flashcards

Intro to A & P Flashcards

1
Q

Define anatomy

A

the study of internal and external structure and the physical relationships between body parts

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2
Q

Define physiology

A

the study of how living organsims perform their vital functions

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3
Q

Define pathophysiology

A

the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions when diseased

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4
Q

Explain the chemical level of organization of the body

A

the simplest level of organization

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5
Q

Explain the cellular level of organization of the body

A

molecules combine to create the structures necessary for a cell to form, cells are the smallest living units in the body

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6
Q

Explain the tissue level of organization of the body

A

cells working together to perform a specific function create tissue

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7
Q

Explain the organ level of organization of the body

A

two or more tissues working together to perform a specific task

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8
Q

Explain the organ system level of organization of the body

A

two or more organs working together to accomplish a task

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9
Q

Explain the organism level of organization of the body

A

all the organ systems working together to maintain life

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10
Q

State the function of the integumentary system

A

protection from hazards, temperature regulation

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11
Q

State the function of the skeletal system

A

provides support, protects tissues, stores minerals, forms blood

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12
Q

State the function of the muscular system

A

allows for locomotion, provides support, produces heat

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13
Q

State the function of the nervous system

A

responds to stimuli by coordinating activities of other organ systems

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14
Q

State the function of the endocrine system

A

directs long term changes in activities of other organ systems

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15
Q

State the function of the cardiovascular system

A

transports cells and dissolved minerals

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16
Q

State the function of the lymphatic system

A

defends against infection and disease, returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream

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17
Q

State the function of the repiratory system

A

delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and blood

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18
Q

State the function of the digestive system

A

processes food and absorbs nutrients

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19
Q

State the function of the urinary system

A

eliminates excess water, salts, and waste products

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20
Q

State the function of the reproductive system

A

produces sex cells and hormones

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21
Q

Define homeostasis

A

to keep a stable environment

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22
Q

Homeostatic mechanisms must have

A

a receptora control centeran effector

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23
Q

Define negative feedback mechanisms pertaining to homeostasis

A

an automatic response that negates or opposes the stimulus

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24
Q

Define positive feedback mechanisms pertaining to homeostasis

A

initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus

25
Q

Describe the anatomical position

A

facing youhands at the sidepalms forwardfeet together

26
Q

Explain how the four quadrants of the abdomen are divided

A

lines pass through the umbilicus at right angles

27
Q

List the organs in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)

A

liverright kidneycolonpancreasgallbladder

28
Q

List the organs in the left upper quadrant (LUQ)

A

liverspleenleft kidneystomachcolonpancreas

29
Q

List the organs in the right lower quadrant (RLQ)

A

colonsmall intestinesmajor artery and vein to the right legureterappendix

30
Q

List the organs in the lower left quadrant (LLQ)

A

colonsmall intestinemajor artery and vein to the left legureter

31
Q

Define midline

A

divides the body into left and right halves

32
Q

Define supine

A

lying on the back

33
Q

Define prone

A

lying on the abdomen and chest

34
Q

Define deep

A

farther from the body surface

35
Q

Define superficial

A

closer to the body surface

36
Q

Define distal

A

away from an attached base

37
Q

Define proximal

A

toward an attached base

38
Q

Define anterior

A

the front

39
Q

Define posterior

A

the back

40
Q

Define medial

A

towards the midline

41
Q

Define lateral

A

away from the midline

42
Q

Define superior

A

towards the head

43
Q

Define inferior

A

away from the head

44
Q

Define flexion

A

bending

45
Q

Define extension

A

straightening

46
Q

Define axillary

A

in line with the armpit

47
Q

Define mid clavicular

A

midway down the clavicle

48
Q

Define umbilicus

A

anatomical name for the navel

49
Q

Define abduction

A

movement away from the midline

50
Q

Define adduction

A

movement towards the midline

51
Q

Define peri

A

prefix meaning around

52
Q

Define supra

A

prefix meaning above

53
Q

Define infra

A

prefix meaning below

54
Q

Define intra

A

prefix meaning inside

55
Q

Define inter

A

prefix meaning between

56
Q

List the organs of the ventral cavity

A

heartlungstracheaesophaguslarge blood vesselsnervesgi tractkidneysadrenal glandsurogenital systemrectum

57
Q

List the organs of the dorsal cavities

A

brainspinal cord

58
Q

Define trunk

A

central part of the body from which extend the neck and limbs, the torso

59
Q

Define flank

A

lower back

Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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