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Flashcards in Inflammation Deck (30)
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1
Q

Meningococcal disease can cause what?

A

Septicaemia and meningitis.

2
Q

What drugs are used for bacterial meningitis?

A

IV CEFTRIAXONE, DEXAMETHASONE, AMOXACILIN, ACICLOVIR

3
Q

If rash from penicillin, what other drugs used?

A

Penicillin, Cephalosporin

4
Q

If severe allergic reaction to penicillin, what drug should be used?

A

Ciprofloxacin, Vancomycin, Erythromycin

5
Q

Flucoxacillin against?

A

Staph A

6
Q

Penicillin good agianst?

A

Streptococci

7
Q

For pneumonia, what drugs should be given?

A

CO Amoxicillin and Doxycycline or Cefuroxamine and Erythromycin

8
Q

Sepsis 6

A

1) High flow O2
2) Take blood cultures
3) Check serum lactate and Hb
4) Give broad spectrum antibiotics
5) Iv fluids
6) Hourly urine output

9
Q

Myobacterium are what kind of bacteria?

A

Gram +ve. Gram stain with Zn. AAFB.

10
Q

Treatment of Tb with?

A

1) rifampicin
2) isoniazid
3) ethambutol
4) pyrazinamide
5) linezolid, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, streptomycin

11
Q

What would you use to treat E. coli?

A

Beta lactams

12
Q

What would you use to treat C diff.?

A

metronidazole and vancomycin

13
Q

What is linezolid used for?

A

VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci)

14
Q

ESBL

A

Extended spectrum beta lactams. e.g. E coli and Klebseilla.

15
Q

Causes of coagulopathy?

A
Vitamin K deficiency or warfarin	
Von Willebrand disease	
Haemophilia	
Aspirin
Thrombocytopenia	
Liver failure such as cirrhosis 		
Uremia	Unaffected	
Factor V deficiency	
Factor X deficiency as seen in amyloid purpura			
Factor XII deficiency
16
Q

mTOR

A

mammalian target for rampamycin

17
Q

DKA diagnosis

A
1 - hyperglycaemia
2 - ketoanaemia
3 - acidaemia
4 - dehydration
5 - disordered K levels
18
Q

Upper UTI

A

pyelonephritis

19
Q

Lower UTI

A

cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis

20
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis is?

A

gram -ve

21
Q

Beta lactams (penicillin, cephalosporins)

A

inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

22
Q

Aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin)

A

Inhibit ribosomal protein synthesis

23
Q

Eryhtromycin

A

translocation interference

24
Q

Tetracyclines

A

RNA binding interference

25
Q

Trimethoprim

A

nucleic acid interference: dihydrofolate inhibition

26
Q

Fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciproflaxin)

A

Inhibit DNA gyrase

27
Q

What does frusemide block?

A

Na/K/2Cl- co-transporter in the loop of Henle

28
Q

What do thiazides block?

A

Na/Cl co-transporter in distal tubule

29
Q

Where do amiloride and spironolactone act?

A

On the principal cells in the cortical collecting duct. They also control hypertension.

30
Q

What is the function of tolvaptan?

A

It blocks ADH - used in patients with SIADH