Inferential Statistics Flashcards
Describe Chi-Squared Test
A statistical test that is used when the experimental design is independent, when the level of data is nominal and when the hypothesis is predicting a difference between variables. The observed value must be higher than the critical value for results to be considered statistically significant
Describe the Mann Whitney U Test
A statistical test that is when the experimental design is independent groups, when the level of data is at least ordinal and when the hypothesis is predicting a difference between variables. The observed value must be lower than the critical value for the results to be significant
Describe the Sign Test
A statistical test that is used when the experimental design is repeated measures/matched pairs, when the level of data is nominal and when they hypothesis is predicting a difference between variables. The observed value must be lower than the critical value
Describe the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient
A statistical test that is used when the level of data is at least ordinal and is related, and when the hypothesis is predicting a correlation/relationship between variables. The observed value must be higher than the critical value for results to be considered statistically significant.
Describe the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Ranks Test
A statistical test that is used when the experimental design is repeated measures/matched pairs, when the level of data is at least ordinal and when the hypothesis is predicting a difference between variables. The observed value must be lower than the critical value for the results to be significant
What are the Probability Values?
A numerical value that gives an indication of the likelihood the results are due to a real difference/correlation and not sue to chance
In psychology we accept a probility value of 95%, where results are due to chance in 5% of cases
What is the Significance Levels?
A numerical value that is usually expressed in value including two decimal places. This level tells you the margin of error that could occur in your results
0.05 suggests that there is a 5% possibility that results are due to chance and not the difference/correlation between variables
What is the Observed (Calculated) Values?
The numerical value that is created as a result of inferential statistical analysis of your data. This will be compared to the critical values for the test to calculate the level of significance
Describe the Critical Values From tables
The tabulated numerical values that have been assigned to a particular inferential statistical test. It is compared to the observed value for your set of data to calculate significance
What are Frequency Table?
A chart/table which shows the rate of occurrence (frequency) for a number of measured values/categories
What is Graphical Representation?
A range of diagrams that show the rate of occurrence for a number of measured values/categories
What are Bar Charts?
A diagram that represents frequencies of non-continues data
What is a Line Chart?
A diagram that shows a linear representation of frequencies of data
What are Histograms?
A diagram that represents the distributions of frequencies for discrete or continuous data
What are Pie Charts?
A diagram that represents data proportionately, as part of a whole picture of responses
