Infection Control Flashcards
Additional practices?
Infection prevention and control activities used in addition to routine practices for clients with known or suspected infections
- airborne
- droplet
- contact
Airborne precautions?
Used in clients who have illnesses transmitted by droplets less than 5 microns
Ex measles, TB
N95 respirator mask
Gloves
Gown
Eye protection
Droplet precautions?
Used in clients who have illnesses transmitted by particle droplets greater than 5 microns
Ex. Flu,
Surgical mask
Gloves
Gown
Eye protection
Contact precautions?
Used in clients who have illnesses easily transmitted by direct or by contact with items in client environment
Ex. C-diff
Gloves
Gown
Mask
What are routine practices?
Infection prevention and control activities used in the care of all clients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status
Ex. Hand hygiene
Precautions for immunocompromised clients?
Routine practices
Additional precautions appropriate to their condition
Use of single room
Transporting clients with infections?
Avoid unless necessary
If client must be moved used measures to prevent soiling environment
Notify personnel at receiving area of any infection risks so they can maintain precautions
2 common problems of people in isolation precautions?
Develop problems as a result of separation from others
1) sensory deprivation: occurs when the environment lacks normal stimuli for client ex. Communication
S&S: boredom, inactivity, day dreaming, increased sleeping
2) feeling of inferiority: caused by the perception of the infection or to the precautions
- feeling soiled, contaminated or dirty, client may feel at fault
What are some complications of the psychosocial complications of isolation precautions?
Increased pain, vital signs
- all psychosocial d/t nurse coming in when there is a problem
- pt wants company/visit
Interventions to meet the psychosocial needs of clients under isolation?
Assess the individuals need for stimulation
Initiate measures to meet the needs of the client
-toys, tv
Explain the infection and the need for precautions
Demonstrate warm and accepting behaviour
Do not use stricter precautions than are indicated
Nursing responsibilities for infection prevention and control?
Initiating and maintaining routine practices
Assessment of client and evaluating changes
Ensuring visitors wash their hands and follow posted instructions
Demonstrating prevention behaviours
Ex. aseptic technique
Differences in infection control in acute care settings?
Isolation -close doors, windows, place alarms -negative pressure rooms Cytotoxic precautions -yellow cytotoxic bin
How does risk management and infection control work together?
Level of communicability -assessment factors -how pathogenic is it? -who is at risk in population? -hand hygiene audit Decrease health care associated infections
True or false?
Isolation increases recovery time?
True
H1N1 vs H5N1?
H1N1: swine flu, resp infection caused by virus
-symptoms are similar in pigs and humans
H5N1: avian flu
-rare human transmission
