Individuaistic Theories Of Crime Flashcards

1
Q

Individualist theiry of crime

A

Micro theories. Focus on a small group of offenders or on individual crime. Attempt to answer why some individuals are more likely than others to commute crime

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2
Q

Learning theory- bandura

A

Criminal behaviour is learnt by watching others

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3
Q

Learning theory experiment

A

Bobo doll- demonstrate that when children exposed to aggressiveness they copy

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4
Q

Learning theory example

A

Jamie Buldger case- Thompson and vennables left to play violent video games all day

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5
Q

What did Sutherland say

A

People learn their values and technique for criminal behaviour from association with different people

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6
Q

Bobo doll findings

A

One set of adults were hitting the doll and children’s watched, when left alone they copied

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7
Q

Psychodynamic theories - Freud

A

Examine people’s early childhood experiences. Our behaviour and thinking is unconscious

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8
Q

Freud said brain divided into 3 parts

A

ID- instinct, selfish, animalistic
Ego- sensible, rational,
Superego- morality conscionce

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9
Q

What did Freud said can cause change in behaviour

A

If any of the 3 parts of the brain become unbalanced

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10
Q

What happens if ID dominates

A

Mind may be uncontrollable

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11
Q

What happens if superego is dominant

A

May be driven to be a perfectionist and become judgemental

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12
Q

What happens if ego is dominant

A

Incapable of accepting change and unable to be flexible in their approach

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13
Q

What was Bowlbys study

A

Studied 44 juvenile delinquents and compared them to non disturbed delinquents . Found taht 39% had experienced complete separation from their mothers for 6 months or more in their lives compared to 5% if controlled group

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14
Q

Psychological theories - Eysenck

A

Certain personality types lead to commit crime

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15
Q

Eysencks study

A

700 soldiers treated for neurotic disorders and found most extroverts

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16
Q

Extraversion

A

Outgoing, socially confident person. Seek stimulation from outside word.

17
Q

Introvert

A

Focus on more internal thoughts, feelings

18
Q

Neuroticism

A

Low self confidence, irritable, moody. Respond fearfully to new intimidating situations

19
Q

Stability

A

Calm and in control of emotions

20
Q

Useful if eysencks study

A

Supported by research.

Formed basis of many modern tests that try predict behaviour

21
Q

Negatives of eysencks study

A
Too simplistic
Relies on honesty of participants
Says personality is solely genetic
Subjective answers
Not all extroverts are criminals
22
Q

Positives of banduras learning theory

A

The bobo doll showed model had effect on child’s behaviour
Variables were controlled
Replicated study with slight changes and similar results

23
Q

Negatives of banduras study

A

Lavatory study of imitation with low natural validity
Ethical issues due to exposing child to aggression so they imitate it
Novelty aspect of doll for those children who had never played with it before experiment

24
Q

Positives of freuds theory of psyche

A

Contributed to research about crime and behaviour

I’d, ego, superego relate to different parts of the brain, their functions and development

25
Q

Negatives of freuds study

A

Difficulty of testing concepts such as the unconscious mind
Unscientific and lack objective interpretation
Lack of quantitative date

26
Q

Positives of eydencks personality type

A

Predicted traumatised soldiers would score high on neurotic
May be possible to intervene at an early age to prevent such development
Formed basis of modern personality tests

27
Q

Negatives of eysencks theory

A

Lack of reliability
Relies on self report measures
Suggests personality is only generator