In Depth DNA Replication Flashcards Preview

Higher Biology Unit 1: Human Cells > In Depth DNA Replication > Flashcards

Flashcards in In Depth DNA Replication Deck (14)
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1
Q

What is meant by unzip ?

A

Hydrogen bonds between complimentary bases breaking

2
Q

When the double helix of DNA unwinds and unzips what does it produce?

A

2 template strands

3
Q

What is a primer ?

A

Short strand of nucleic acid / DNA

4
Q

What does the primer do?

A

Binds to the complimentary target sequence at the start of the sequence of bases to be replicated

5
Q

What end does the primer bind to ?

A

5’

6
Q

What does the primer allow the DNA polymerase to do?

A

To synthesise a new strand of DNA

7
Q

How does the DNA polymerase synthesise a new strand of DNA?

A

By adding bases complimentary to the template strand

8
Q

What can DNA polymerase only add free nucleotides onto?

A

The 3’ end of the growing strand

9
Q

Why can the DNA polymerase only add nucleotides onto the 3’ end of the growing strand ?

A

Due to the configuration of nucleotides

10
Q

What direction does the DNA polymerase work in?

A

A 5’ to 3’ direction

11
Q

What is the consequence of the DNA polymerase adding nucleotides to the 3’ end and moving in a 5’ to 3’ direction ?

A

One strand is replicated continuously and is known as the leading strand

12
Q

What is the other strand synthesised in?

A

Fragments in the opposite direction known as the lagging strand

13
Q

How are the fragments joined together by?

A

Enzyme called ligase

14
Q

What must happen for DNA replication to take place?

A

The double helix of DNA must unwind and unzip