Immuno: adaptive Flashcards

1
Q

Steps in the Adaptive Immunity process? (5)

A

1) participating cells mature
2) process foreign antigens
3) recognize antigens
4) expand to target antigens
5) eliminate antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Humoral Adaptive Immunity works how?

A

uses B-lymphocytes to eliminate microbes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell-mediated Adaptive Immunity works how?

A

uses dendrites to present antigens to T-cell and

activation of cytokines and other immune cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antibodies work how?

Purpose?

A

“Hands” binds specific antigen
“Fc tail” binds immunity cells

tags antigen for destruction,
prevents virus from entering other cells (neutralizes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

IgM antibodies made by?

Purpose?

A

(1st Ab produced, last 1 day)
activated plasma cells

Activate/fix complement to target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

IgG antibodies purpose?

A

NKC receptor,
Tag microbe,
neutralize viruses,
some C fixing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

IgG antibody passed to fetus how?

A

placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gamma globulin injections are?

A

IgG already exposed to virus,

tx viral inf (hep A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IgA antibodies purpose?

A

(most abundant)

guards mucosa,
collects pathogens -> sends to feces,
poor C fixing (don’t want inflamm thru mucus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

IgE antibodies purpose?

Method of action?

A

allergy response,
parasites

1st exposure makes lots of IgE Ab

bind to mast cells -> signal mast to degranulate = ↑ immune activity
*can cause anaphylactic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

B-Cells made by?

Purpose?

A

Stem cell -> Lymphoid

tag antigens (antigen-presenting)

*produces only one type Ab, still recognizes several

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

B-Cells activated when?

A

binds to antigen,

may require several

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

B-Cells become what cells?

A

plasma (produces antibody) and memory:

B binds antigen ->
helper T cell activates B ->
B divides into plasm and memory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T-Cell made where?

Activated how?

A

bone marrow,
mature in thymus

alpha, beta, gamma receptors clusters around antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cytotoxic T-Cell purpose?

A

identify and kill,

induce virally infected cells to die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Helper T-Cells purpose?

A

assist in killer-T activation,
activate B-cells to produce Ab,
directs release/activation of cytokines

17
Q

Antigen-Presenting Cells purpose?

A

Antigen presentation is central fxn of adaptive immunity! T’s won’t kill w/o the antigen presentation.

Alert/activate Killer T and Helper T

Use Class I and II MHC molecules to “present.”

18
Q

Class I MHC genes?

Purpose?

A

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C

binds and displays foreign invasion on cell surface,
allows Killer T to “see”

19
Q

Class II MHC purpose?

A

signal Helper T that battle actively going on

20
Q

Allergy response for non-allergic people?

For allergic people?

A

IgG

IgE (causes mast cell degran release of histamine)

21
Q

Autoimmune disease causes?

A

Frequently follow bacterial/viral infection

MHC presents peptides from “self”

B and T make receptors for “self” antigens

22
Q

Type I DM autoimmune how?

A

body makes anitbodies to beta cells = no insulin

23
Q

Myasthenia Gravis autoimmune how?

A

self antibodies block ACh receptors

24
Q

MS autoimmune how?

A

T’s target self myelin

25
Q

RA autoimmune how?

A

IgM-IgG complex attacks cartilage

26
Q

Lupus Erythem autoimmune how?

A

IgG attack RNA/DNA proteins,

clog liver/kidney

27
Q

AIDS autoimmune how?

A

virus undetectable

28
Q

Cancer spreads how?

A

mutation prevention systems shut off

proliferation safe-guard shut off (tumor suppressor gene p53)

*Cyto T cells don’t leave blood until activated, CA grows faster than Cyto T is notified