Immunity/Immune Response

Question 1

Acquired Immunity

Answer 1

Protective response of body to a specific pathogen

Question 2

Active Acquired Immunity

Answer 2

Immunity developing after direct exposure to a pathogen

Question 3

Antibody

Answer 3

Protein material produced in body as a response to invasion of foreign substance

Question 4

Antibody-Mediated Immunity

Answer 4

Production of antibodies by B cells in response to an antigen; also called ‘humoral immunity.’

Question 5

Antigen-Antibody Complex

Answer 5

Combination of antigen with its specific antibody; increases susceptibility to phagocytosis and immunity

Question 6

Antigen

Answer 6

Substance capable of inducing formation of antibody; antibody then interacts with antigen in antigen-antibody reaction

Question 7

Bacteria

Answer 7

Primitive, single-celled microorganisms that are present everywhere; some are capable of causing disease in humans

Question 8

B Cells

Answer 8

Common name for B lymphocytes; responds to foreign antigens by producing protective antibodies

Question 9

B Lymphocytes

Answer 9

Humoral immunity cells, which respond to foreign antigens by producing protective antibodies; simply referred to as ‘B cells.’

Question 10

Cancerous Tumors

Answer 10

Malignant growths in the body

Question 11

Cell-Mediated Immunity

Answer 11

Immunity resulting from activation of sensitized T lymphocytes; immune response causes antigens to be destroyed by direct action of cells; also called ‘cellular immunity.’

Question 12

Cellular Immunity

Answer 12

Also called cell-mediated immunity; process results in production of T cells and natural killer, NK, cells that directly attach to foreign cells; immune response fights invasion by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and cancer

Question 13

Cytotoxic

Answer 13

Pertaining to poisoning cells

Question 14

Fungi

Answer 14

Organisms found in Kingdom Fungi; some are capable of causing disease in humans, such as yeast infections or histoplasmosis

Question 15

Humoral Immunity

Answer 15

Immunity that responds to antigens, such as bacteria and foreign agents, by producing antibodies; also called ‘antibody-mediated immunity.’

Question 16

Immune Response

Answer 16

Ability of lymphocytes to respond to specific antigens

Question 17

Immunity

Answer 17

Body’s ability to defend itself against pathogens

Question 18

Immunization

Answer 18

Providing protection against communicable diseases by stimulating immune system to produce antibodies against that disease; children can now be immunized for: hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, tetanus, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox; also called ‘vaccination.’

Question 19

Natural Immunity

Answer 19

Immunity not specific to particular disease and does not require prior exposure to pathogen; also called ‘innate immunity.’

Question 20

Natural Killer (NK) Cells

Answer 20

T cells that can kill by entrapping foreign cells, tumor cells, and bacteria; also called T8 cells

Question 21

Passive Acquired Immunity

Answer 21

Immunity that results when person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal; may take form of maternal antibodies crossing placenta to baby or antitoxin injection

Question 22

Protozoans

Answer 22

Single-celled organisms that can infect body

Question 23

Toxins

Answer 23

Substances poisonous to body; many are filtered out of blood by kidney

Question 24

Vaccination

Answer 24

Providing protection against communicable diseases by stimulating immune system to produce antibodies against that disease; children can now be immunized for: hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox; also called ‘immunization.’

Question 25

Viruses

Answer 25

Group of infectious particles that cause disease

Question 26

Immunoglobulins

Answer 26

Antibodies secreted by the B cells. All antibodies are immunoglobulins and assist in protecting the body and its surfaces from the invasion of bacteria. For example, the immunoglobulin IgA in colostrum, the first milk from the mother, helps to protect the newborn from infection