Immunisation and 18th Century

Question 1

What was inoculation?

Answer 1

First form of immunisation
Giving someone a small dose to help resistance
First used in the Middle Ages in the east

Question 2

Who developed vaccinations?

Answer 2

Edward Jenner

Question 3

What experiment did Jenner do?

Answer 3

1796
Took pus from a milkmaids cowpox sore and introduced to a cut of a healthy boy - James Phipps
6 weeks later he did the same with smallpox but James didn’t get the disease

Question 4

What happened in 1840 and 1853

Answer 4

British government made vaccination free for children

Compulsory in 1854

Question 5

What was a big killer in the 18th century?

Answer 5

Small pox

Question 6

What was the opposition to the smallpox vaccination?

Answer 6

Jenner could not scientifically explain how it worked
Many worried about side affects
Some believed vaccination was not natural

Question 7

Who was Florence Nightingale and what did she do?

Answer 7

• from wealthy background, became a nurse despite family opposition
• brought discipline to a job that had a bad reputation at the time
• went to Crimean war to sort nursing in the English camp
• mad huge improvements in death rate, due to improving ward hygiene
• returned home, wrote a book ‘notes on nursing’ and set up hospital in London.

Question 8

Who was Mary Seacole and what did she do?

Answer 8

• from poor background in Jamaica
• volunteered to help nurse in Crimean war, is rejected, goes anyway self financing her journey
• nursed soldiers on battlefield and built ‘British Hotel’
• went bankrupt, returned to England, received support due to press interest in her story
• writes autobiography.