Human Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is health

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

What are inherited characteristics

A

inherited characteristics are those that are controlled by DNA

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3
Q

What are inherited characteristics influence by

A

The environment

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4
Q

________ + ________ = ________

A

Genotype + environment = phenotype

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5
Q

Every process and every reaction in the human body is controlled by what
And example sof them

A

Chemicals

E.g enzymes and hormones

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6
Q

What does amylase and Maltase do

A

Amylase breaks down starch to Maltose

Maltase breaks down maltose to glucose

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7
Q

What are enzymes

A

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions, for example, digestion and respiration

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8
Q

What are hormones

A

Hormones are proteins that bring about responses in the body

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9
Q

There is a _____ controlling the ______ of each ______ and each _______ in the body

A

There is a gene controlling the making of each enzyme and each hormone in the body

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10
Q
Examples of:
Inherited disorders 
Mutated gene
Symptoms 
Treatment
A

Cystic fibrosis

The gene that makes a protein to control salt coming out of cells

Respiratory system can become clogged with mucus

Phisiotherapy antibiotics

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11
Q

Environmental factors that affect human health include the following:

A
Where a person lives
The air they breathe
The food they eat
The water they drink
Alcohol intake
Drugs intake
The people they interact with
The radiation they are exposed to
Whether they smoke or not 
Amount of physical activity 
Relaxation
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12
Q

Nutrition definition

A

Nutrition is concerned with how an organism gets its food and what type of food it gets

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13
Q

What is a balanced diet

A

A balanced diet includes the correct amount of protein, carbohydrate, fat, minerals, vitamins and water a person needs depending on
Age
Gender
Activity

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14
Q

The benefits of eating healthy are

A

A lower risk of disease, for example, heart disease, cancer and diabetes
A healthy body mass
Feeling better

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15
Q

Deficiency diseases definition

A

Deficiency diseases are disease caused by the lack of a particular food

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16
Q

Why is Water essential to human health

A

It is a solvent in the body
the blood is mostly composed of water
water is needed for all enzyme actions
it helps maintain body temperature at 37°C
it helps flush toxins (poisons) out of the body

17
Q

To test a food sample for starch

A

Iodine is added to the food
if the iodine remains orange-brown starch is absent
if the iodine turns blue black starch is present

18
Q

To test a food sample for glucose

A

Method
A sample of food is placed in a test tube
the same volume of Benedict’s solution is added to the food
the Test Tube is placed in a hot water bath for a few minutes
the colour of the Benedict’s solution is recorded

Result
If the Benedict’s solution stays blue, glucose is absent
if the Benedict’s solution turns brick red glucose is present

19
Q

To test a food sample for protein

A

Method
A sample of food is placed in test tube
The same volume of sodium hydroxide is added to the food
3 to 4 drops of copper sulfate is added to the food
the colour of the solution is recorded

Result
If the biuret solution (sodium hydroxide and copper sulfate) stays blue, protein is absent
if the biuret solution turns violet, protein is present.

20
Q

Test a food sample for fat

A

Method
sample of food is rubbed onto brown paper
the food is removed from the paper and the paper is allowed to dry
the papers held up to the light to see if it is stained
result
if the paper does not have a stain that is absent. If the paper has a stain that is translucent fat is present

21
Q

The amount of energy that you get from food is known as what

A

Energy value

22
Q

Energy value is measured in what per Gram

A

Kilojoules (kj)

23
Q

The benefits of Regular activity to health are enormous. The benefits include protection against the following diseases

A

Some forms of cancer, stroke, heart disease, osteoporosis, diabetes

24
Q

What can smoking cause

A

Illness