Human Factors: Arousal, Fatigue, Stress, and Burnout Flashcards Preview

Industrial/Organizational Psychology > Human Factors: Arousal, Fatigue, Stress, and Burnout > Flashcards

Flashcards in Human Factors: Arousal, Fatigue, Stress, and Burnout Deck (15)
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1
Q

The ____________________ predicts that the relationship between level of arousal and performance is described by an inverted-U shape, with moderate levels of arousal being associated with the best performance; however, for easy tasks, the optimal level is somewhat ______________, and for difficult tasks, the optimal level is somewhat _________________.

A
  • Yerkes-Dodson Law
  • Higher
  • Lower
2
Q

__________________ is one of the causes of reduced arousal, and physical and mental ______________ have been found to have a number of adverse consequences including increased accident rates and reduced job proficiency.

A

Fatigue (both blanks).

3
Q

Rest breaks are most effective when their schedules are _____________________; however, breaks should be provided during the ____ and ____ hour of work since these tend to be the times of greatest fatigue.

A
  • Empirically determined
  • 4th
  • 8th
4
Q

__________________ breaks are more effective than _____________________ breaks.

A
  • Frequent, short
  • Longer, less frequent
5
Q

Karasek’s (1979) _________________________ (job strain) model identifies job demand and job control as the primary contributors to job stress.

A

Demand-control model.

6
Q

__________________ refers to the requirements of the job in terms of workload, time pressures, and responsibility.

A

Job demand.

7
Q

_____________________ is also known as decision latitude, and refers to a worker’s autonomy and discretion for using different skills.

A

Job control.

8
Q

According to Karasek, the combination of high job ___________ and low job ____________ produces the most stress which, in turn is associated with job dissatisfaction, emotional exhaustion, and other health problems.

A
  • Demand
  • Control

Bonus: These include assembly-line workers and service jobs.

9
Q

Holmes and Rahe (1967) found that events related to ____________ were the most stressful, while other research has found that _______________ are an important source of stress, and can have a stronger negative impact on health than stress due to traumatic events.

A
  • Marriage
  • Daily hassles
10
Q

__________________ is caused by accumulated stress associated with overwork; primary symptoms include feelings of low personal accomplishment, depersonalization (i.e., tendency to treat colleagues or customers as objects), and emotional exhaustion.

A

Job burnout.

11
Q

An early sign of burnout is a sudden increase in _______________ and hours without an increase in ______________.

A
  • Work effort
  • Productivity
12
Q

Burnout is more likely when the job involves frequent contact with people who _________________, when the supervisor is perceived as ______________, and when the job presents overwhelming ________________ and time pressures.

A
  • Need help
  • Inconsiderate
  • Demands
13
Q

__________________ occurs when the role demands of career and family are incompatible because work interferes with the family and/or family activities and responsibilities interfere with work.

A

Work-family conflict.

14
Q

Duxbury and Higgins found that work-family conflict is somewhat more stressful for _____________, and that _________ experience more work-family conflict due to work expectations, while ___________ experience more conflict due to family expectations.

A
  • Women
  • Men
  • Women
15
Q

The positive effects of assuming both work and family roles (esp. for ____________) is referred to in the literature by several terms including work-family enrichment, work-family _______________, and positive ___________.

A
  • Women
  • Enhancement
  • Spillover