Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Genetic disorder
Lack dystrophin which anchors skeleton to outside matrix and stabilizes sacrilemmea
No control over ca entry
Sarcolemma tears during contraction
Muscular distrophy
Muscles enlarge due to fat& ct deposits
Muscle fibers atrophy
Effects of aging on muscles
Muscle replaced by ct
⬇️muscle bulk and strength
⬇️# of muscle cells
Arteriosclerosis can impede blood supply
Leukopenia
Abnormal low WBC count
Leukemia
Marrow occupied with cancerous leukeocytes
Immature WBC released
Insufficient rbc and platelets released
Death is by internal hemorrhage and overwhelming infections
Acute =young
Chronic =old
Sprain
Stretch/ torn ligament
Partial repair themselves
Complete needs surgery
Cartilage tears
Poor healing
Surgical repair
Fragments may cause joints to lock or bind
Dislocation
Bone forced out of alignment
Sprain inflammation immobilize
Subluxation
Partial dislocation
Bursitis
Inflammation of bursa
From friction or blow
Rest/ice
Tendonitis
Inflammation of tendon sheaths
Overuse
Arthritis
Pain stiffness swelling
Acute ➡️ bacteria
Chronic ➡️ osteo rheumatoid gouty
Osteoarthritis
Wear and tear
More cart destroyed then replaced in poorly aligned joints
End of bone thickens form bone spurs and restrict movement
Rheumatoid arthritis
Inflam, autoimmune disease
Joint pain swelling anemia
Begins with synovitis–> thickens into panned which erodes cartilage and bone surfaces attach
Gouty arthritis
Deposit unix crystals in joints followed by inflam bone ends fuse if not treated
Lyme disease
Bite of tick
rash flu symptoms
Joint swelling pain and arthritis