HIV and AIDS Flashcards Preview

HLTH 251 > HIV and AIDS > Flashcards

Flashcards in HIV and AIDS Deck (21)
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1
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

retrovirus responsible for the development of aids

inserts genetic material into DNA of host to replicate

2
Q

acquired immune dificiency syndrome (AIDS)

A

increased susceptibility to opportunistic diseases

- immune system compromised and can’t fight infections

3
Q

reservoirs

A

shuts down cell and inserts DNA and just sits there - still infected but latent
can activate if person goes off medication and start producing copies of virus

4
Q

how does HIV work

A

HIV infects the lympocytes/CD4 cells of the immune system
decline in T lymphocytes results in decline of bodys ability to fight off diseases
after 8-10 years can develop into AIDS
flu like symptoms at first, weight loss, fever, dizzy

5
Q

diagnosis of AIDS

A

when CD4 cell count dips under 200 cells/mm3 or when one or more disease has been developed

  1. pneumonia
  2. toxoplasmosis
  3. cryptococcosis
  4. cytomegalovirus
  5. kaposis sarcoma
6
Q

testing for HIV

A

look for antibodies that fight HIV or HIV in blood

examine antigens of HIV virus for 9 day post infection

7
Q

ELISA

A

enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay

8
Q

where did HIV originate

A

Western Africa in 1930- P. t. troglodytes

species of ape that carries similar virus

9
Q

origin of HIV

A

closely related to simian immunodeficiency virus - SIV

in 1930 jumped from apes to humans

10
Q

cut hunter/bushmeat theory

A

during hunting or butchering of apes for meat there was a transfer of blood
mutated in human body to be able to be passed from human to human

11
Q

HIV in 1800-1900

A

industrialization brought more people into the cities
ease of travel helped virus spread
Congo gained indépendance and had no government
UN brought in staff from Haiti and someone took the virus back to Haiti
HIV carried from Haiti to United States (blood products or gay sex)

12
Q

1982

A

first death from AIDS- related illness

gay mens health crisis began in New York

13
Q

GRID

A

gay related immune deficiency

14
Q

AzT

A

first antiretroviral drug

15
Q

what is the treatment for aids now

A

PEP- post exposure prophylaxis
PrEP- pre exposure prophylaxis
TasP- treatment as prevention

16
Q

HAART

A

highly active antiretroviral therapy
combination of 3 drugs to inhibit replication of virus
determine baseline of CD4 cells and viral load

17
Q

prevention of HIV/AIDS

A
  • behavioural (destigmatization)
  • structural change, schools include HIV education and research into risk behaviours
  • continue development for vaccine and cure
18
Q

Berlin patient

A

HIV positive with leukaemia received bone marrow transplant and was no longer HIV positive
hasn’t been replicated yet

19
Q

HIV worldwide

A

majority of people living with AIDS/HIV are sub-Saharan Africa
increasing in eastern europe

20
Q

90-90-90

A

90% of people with HIV to know status and be on HAART and have undetectable viral load
problems: access to testing, treatment, presentation strategies, stigma, education

21
Q

how is HIV spread

A

through any bodily fluid except saliva