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Flashcards in History of Microbiology Deck (37)
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1
Q

They suggested that diseases were caused by “invisible living creatures”.

A

Lucretius and Girolamo Fracastoro

2
Q

“Father of Protozoology and Bacteriology”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

3
Q

Life arose from non-living matter

A

Spontaneous Generation

4
Q

He mentioned that simple invertebrates could arise from spontaneous generation

A

Aristotle

5
Q

He demonstrated that maggots do not arise spontaneously from decaying meat.

A

Francesco Redi

6
Q

He proposed that organic matter possessed a “vital force” that could give rise to life.

A

John Needham

7
Q

He observed that no growth took place as long as the flasks remained sealed

A

Lazzaro Spallanzani

8
Q

Living cells can arise only from preexisting cells

A

Biogenesis

9
Q

He challenged spontaneous generation with the concept of “Biogenesis”

A

Rudolf Virchow

10
Q

Rudolf Virchow is considered as the Father of?

A

Modern Pathology

11
Q

Stated that yeast cells were responsible for the conversion of sugars to alcohol

A

Theodore Schwann

12
Q

He resolves the issue of spontaneous generation.

A

Louis Pasteur

13
Q

A technique to prevent contamination by unwanted microorganisms

A

Aseptic technique

14
Q

He demonstrated that no matter how long flasks were boiled, they always produced certain growth (heat resistant bacterial spores)

A

Ferdinand Cohn

15
Q

He showed that dust carry germs which contaminates sterile broth

A

John Tyndall

16
Q

Form of sterilization for three consecutive days

A

Tyndallization

17
Q

Certain microorganisms known as “yeast” converts sugar to alcohol in the absence of air

A

Fermentation

18
Q

Heating the beer and wine just enough to kill most of the bacteria

A

Pasteurization

19
Q

Pasteur’s Contribution to Science:

A
  1. He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation
  2. He developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies
  3. He improved wine industry (theory of fermentation)
20
Q

He demonstrated that routine hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. Also considered as the “Savior of mothers”

A

Ignatz Semmelweis

21
Q

Father of Modern Surgery. He developed the antiseptic system of surgery

A

Joseph Lister

22
Q

It is based on the concept that microorganism might cause disease

A

The Germ Theory of Disease

23
Q

Established the first proof that bacteria indeed cause disease. Discovered that causative agent of anthrax and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

A

Robert Koch

24
Q

The causative agent of anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

25
Q

She suggested the use of agar as solidifying agent

A

Fannie Hesse

26
Q

He developed the Petri dish (plate)

A

Julius Richard Petri

27
Q

They developed the enrichment-culture technique; introduced the use of selective media.

A

Martinis Beijerinck and Sergie Winogradsky

28
Q

Experimented on how people can be protected against small pox

A

Edward Jenner

29
Q

Used the therm “vaccine” for cultures of avirulent microorganism for preventive inoculation

A

Louis Pasteur

30
Q

Discovered the penicillin (Penicillium notatum) antibiotic also the enzyme lysozyme

A

Alexander Fleming

31
Q

They made the purification process for penicillin

A

Howard Florey and Ernst Chain

32
Q

He was the first to propose the correct biochemical structure of penicillin

A

Edward Abraham

33
Q

He discovered salvarsan (arsphenamine) for treatment of syphillis

A

Paul Ehrlich

34
Q

Treatment of disease by using chemical substances.

A

Chemotherapy

35
Q

Prepared from chemical in the laboratory

A

Synthetic drugs

36
Q

Produced naturally by bacteria and fungi to act against microorganisms

A

Antibiotics

37
Q

Study of organisms that individually are too small to be seen by the naked eye.

A

Microbiology