Hip Pathologies Flashcards Preview

The Musculoskeletal System > Hip Pathologies > Flashcards

Flashcards in Hip Pathologies Deck (14)
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1
Q

Hip pathology most commonyl presents with pain where?

A

Groin

2
Q

In which three locations can hip pain present?

A
  1. Groin
  2. Knee
  3. Buttocks
3
Q

Why can hip pain be felt in the knee?

A

The obturator nerve innervates both areas

4
Q

In which condition can hip pain characteristically present only with knee pain in some instances?

A

SUFE

5
Q

In clinical examination what is generally the firstsign of hip pathology?

A

Loff of internal rotation

6
Q

Which type of total hip replacement is the gold standard?

A

Cemented metal/polyethylene

7
Q

What is loosening of a hip replacement due to?

A
  1. Wear particles on the articualr surface form
  2. Macrophages detect such particles as foreign and release inflammatory mediators
  3. Osteoclasts become activated at the implant/bone barrier causing loosening over time
8
Q

What are possible early local complications of total hip replacement?

A
  1. Infection
  2. Dislocation
  3. Nerve injury
  4. Leg length discrepancy
9
Q

What are the possible early general complications of total hip replacement?

A
  1. MI
  2. Chest infection
  3. UTI
  4. Blood loss
  5. Hypovolaemia
  6. DVT and PE
10
Q

What are the possible late local complications of total hip replacement?

A
  1. Early loosening
  2. Late infection
  3. Late dislocation
11
Q

Where is pain generally felt for AVN in the femoral head?

A

Groin

12
Q

Later cases of AVN show changes on X-ray, what are these changes (before collapse)?

A
  1. Patchy sclerosis of the weight bearing area
  2. Lytic zone underneath patchy sclerosis (formed from granulation tissue) which causes the classical sagging rope sign (also seen in Perthes)
13
Q

If AVN of the femoral head is caught early enough, what is the treatment?

A

Drill holes can be made up the femoral neck into the diseased region to decompress, promote healing and prevent collapse

14
Q

When AVN of the femoral head collapses, what is the treatment?

A

Total hip replacement

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