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Flashcards in Hemodynamic dysorder & Shock Deck (20)
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1
Q

Embolism definition

A

free moving intravascular mass carried from 1 spot to another.

2
Q

Types of Emboli

1-2

A

1) thromboemboli: venous or arterial. Can have infection thrombi = septic emboli (viridans)
2) Liquid Emboli: Fat emboli after bone fracture, Amniotic fluid into uterine veins.

3
Q

Pulmonary emboli

A

50,000 - 70,000 deaths per year. Heprin = anticoagulant. Chronic clot = umbrella or shunt IVC

4
Q

Saddle thromboembolus

A

Primary Pulmonary embolis

5
Q

Mural thrombus

A

Arterial embolus; endocardium asterial side (Brain strokes, spleen, kidney, mesentaric (dead bowel), lower extremities (gangrene)

6
Q

venous thrombus leads to

A

pulmonary embolis

7
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis

A

Staph aureus, Stroke and abscess

8
Q

Fat embolism in

A

Pulmonary artery

9
Q

Embolism types

3-4

A

3) Gaseous emboli- air embolism injecting air into veins, decompressoin sickness .
4) Solid Particle Emboli: Cholesterol crystals from atherosclerotic plaques from tumor or bone marrow.

RCC spreads by embolis
Bone marrow embolis = CPR broken rib particle.

10
Q

Most common Emboli

Venouse Embolism final destination?

A

Thromboemboli

Pulmonary Artery (from right ventricle)

11
Q

Sources of Venous emboli

A

Tumor (RCC), Amniotic, Deep Vein, Saddle, Infaction, Fracture with fat.

12
Q

Arterial Emboli originate and destination and causes

A

From L. atrium, ventricle, or aorta. Via arterial blood to peripheral arteries.
Causes: endocardium or valvular thrombi. results in ischemia or bacterial emboli (S. aureus). Other sources are ulerated atherosclerotic plaques from aorta

13
Q

Paradoxical emboli

A

Via foreman ovale

Venous embolism that enter arterial circulation via foreman ovale or Interventricular spetal defect. Bypass lungs

14
Q

Arterial Embolism, what sized arteris are involved?

A

Medium or smaller arteries recieved larger arterial plaques.

15
Q

Mural thrombus - endocardium

A

heart quivers, builds up a clot, and clot leaves the heart with a return to normal rhythm.

16
Q

Organs are risk from Arterial emboli

A

Cerebral circulation, middle cerebral artery infarcts basal ganglia. Also Spleen, Renal GI, Lower extremity (gangrene)

17
Q

What artery is clogged in Retinal arterial emboli?

A

Opthalmic artery

18
Q

Dead bowel

A

due to ischemic colitis with infarction = peritonitis.

19
Q

Thrombosis definition

A

change in fluid blood to solid aggregate blood cells and fibrin. Fibrin = polymerized fibrinogen and forms meshwork of thin filaments of blood.

20
Q

Classification of Thrombosis (3)

A

Intramural thrombi: mural endocardium of heart chambers and overlying MI
Arterial thrombi: attached to arteries, cover ulcerated atheromas or coronary arteries.
Venous thrombi: dilated veins (varicose) granulation tissue, impression of inflammation.