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Flashcards in HALLMARK FINDINGS Deck (81)
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1
Q

Albumino-Cytologic Dissociation

A

Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF w/ only modest increase in cell count)

2
Q

Antiplatelet Antibodies

A

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

3
Q

Arachnodactyly

A

Marfan’s

4
Q

Aschoff Bodies

A

Rheumatic Fever

5
Q

Auer Rods

A

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (AML type M3)

6
Q

Autosplenectomy

A

Sickle Cell Anemia; low O2 increases sickling; aplastic crisis w/ B19 (Parvovirus ssDNA) infection; Salmonella Osteomyelitis; vaso-occlusive painful crisises; tx: hydroxyurea & bone marrow transplant

7
Q

Babinski

A

UMN lesion

8
Q

Basophilic Stippling of RBCs

A

lead poisoning

9
Q

Bence Jones Protein

A

multiple myeloma; Waldenstrom’s Macroglobinemia

10
Q

Birbeck Granules

A

Histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)

11
Q

Blue Bloater

A

Chronic Bronchitis

12
Q

Boot-Shaped Heart

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

13
Q

Bouchard’s Nodes

A

OA; proximal IP joint

14
Q

Boutonniere’s Deformity

A

RA; flex proximal & extended distal IP joints

15
Q

Brown Tumor

A

Hyperparathyroidism

16
Q

Brushfield Spot

A

Down’s Syndrome

17
Q

Call-Exner Bodies

A

Granulosa Cell Tumor: associated w/ endometrial hyperplasia & carcinoma; Granuloma-Theca Cell Tumor

18
Q

Cardiomegaly w/ Apical Atrophy

A

Chagas’ Disease

19
Q

Chancre

A

Primary Syphilis

20
Q

Chancroid

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

21
Q

Charcot Triad

A

MS = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech

22
Q

Charcot’s Cholangitis Triad

A

RUQ pain, fever, jaundice

23
Q

Charcot-Leyden Crystals

A

bronchial asthma

24
Q

Cheyne-Stokes Breathing

A

cerebral lesion

25
Q

Chocolate Cysts

A

endometriosis

26
Q

Chvostek’s Sign

A

hypocalcemia; facial spasm in tetany

27
Q

Clue Cells

A

Gardnerella vaginitis; BV

28
Q

Codman’s Triangle

A

Osteosarcoma

29
Q

Cold Agglutinins

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia; infectious mononucleosis

30
Q

Condyloma Lata

A

secondary syphilis

31
Q

Cotton Wool Spots

A

HTN; cytoid bodies seen w/ SLE (yellowish cotton wool fundal lesions)

32
Q

Councilman Bodies

A

dying hepatocytes - HepB

33
Q

Crescents in Bowman’s Capsule

A

rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)

34
Q

Currant-Jelly Sputum

A

Klebsiella

35
Q

Curschmann’s Spirals

A

bronchial asthma

36
Q

Currant Jelly Stool

A

Intussusception

37
Q

Depigmentation of Substantia Nigra

A

Parkinson’s

38
Q

Donovan Bodies

A

Granuloma inguinale (STD)

39
Q

Eburnation

A

OA; polished, ivory-like appearance of bone

40
Q

Ectopia Lentis

A

Marfan’s

41
Q

Erythema Chronicum Migrans

A

Lyme Disease

42
Q

Fatty Liver

A

Alcoholism

43
Q

Ferruginous Bodies

A

Asbestosis

44
Q

Ghon Focus

A

Primary Tuberculosis

45
Q

Ghon Complex

A

Secondary Tuberculosis

46
Q

Glitter Cells

A

Acute Pyelonephritis

47
Q

Heberden’s Nodes

A

OA; distal IP joint

48
Q

Heinz Bodies

A

G6PD Deficiency

49
Q

Heterophil Antibodies

A

infectious mononucleosis; EBV

50
Q

Hirano Bodies

A

Alzheimer’s

51
Q

Hypersegmented PMNs

A

Megaloblastic Anemia

52
Q

Hypochromic Microcytic RBCs

A

iron-deficiency anemia or Beta-Thalassemia

53
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

A

Syphilis; over-aggressive tx of an asymptomatic pt that causes sx due to rapid lysis

54
Q

Joint Mice

A

OA; fractured osteophytes

55
Q

Kaussmaul Breathing

A

Acidosis / Diabetic Ketoacidosis

56
Q

Keratin Pearls

A

squamous cell CA of skin; actinic keratosis is precursor

57
Q

Keyser-Fleischer Ring

A

Wilson’s Disease

58
Q

Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules

A

Diabetic Nephropathy: nodular glomerulosclerosis nodules of mesangial matrix

59
Q

Koilocytes

A

HPV 6 & 11 (condyloma acuminatum - benign) and HPV 16 & 18 (malignant association)

60
Q

Koplik Spots

A

Measles

61
Q

Lewy Bodies

A

Parkinson’s; eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra cells

62
Q

Lines of Zahn

A

arterial thrombus

63
Q

Lisch Nodules

A

Neurofibromatosis (von Recklinhausen’s disease) = pigmented iris hamartomas

64
Q

Lumpy-Bumpy IF Glomeruli

A

post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis; prototype of Nephritic Syndrome

65
Q

Mallory Bodies

A

Alcoholic Hepatitis

66
Q

McBurney’s Sign

A

Appendicitis

67
Q

Michaelis-Gutmann Bodies

A

Malakoplakia; lesions on bladder; usually due to E. coli

68
Q

Monoclonal Antibody Spike

A

Multiple Myeloma; called M protein (usually IgG or IgA)

69
Q

Myxedema

A

Hypothyroidism

70
Q

Negri Bodies

A

Rabies

71
Q

Neuritic Plaques

A

Alzheimer’s

72
Q

Neurofibrillary Tangles

A

Alzheimer’s

73
Q

Non-pitting Edema

A

Myxedema; Anthrax Toxin

74
Q

Notching of Ribs

A

Coarctation of Aorta

75
Q

Nutmeg Liver

A

CHF = causing congested liver

76
Q

Owls Eye Cells

A

CMV; Reed Sternburg Cells (Hodkins Lymphoma); Aschoff Cells seen in RF

77
Q

Painless Jaundice

A

Pancreatic CA (head)

78
Q

Pannus

A

RA; also see morning stiffness that dec w/ joint use; HLA-DR4

79
Q

Pautrier’s Microabscesses

A

Mycosis Fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)

80
Q

Philadelphia Chromosome

A

CML

81
Q

Pick Bodies

A

Pick’s Disease