Groundwater Flashcards Preview

Earth Science > Groundwater > Flashcards

Flashcards in Groundwater Deck (22)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

less than ____ percent of all water in the hydrosphere is groundwater

A

1

this is still 40x greater than fresh surface water

2
Q

about half of all groundwater is found within ____ meters of the surface

A

750

below that there is not as much groundwater because there is so much pressure that there is not enough pore space for the water to be stored in

3
Q

the amount of pore space in a rock depends on the rock’s ______

A

porosity

4
Q

groundwater is stored in the ____ _____ of a rock

A

pore space

5
Q

the porosity of a rock depends on the _____ and ______ of the grains that make up a rock

A

shape, size

6
Q

the ______ of a rock depends on the shape and size of the grains that make up a rock

A

porosity

7
Q

if a rock has _____ size grains it has high porosity

A

uniform

8
Q

a rock has high porosity if it has…

A

uniform sized grains

9
Q

uniform sized grains means a rock has ______ porosity

A

high

10
Q

if a rock has ______ size grains it has low porosity

A

heterogeneous

11
Q

heterogenous means

A

grains of many different sizes

12
Q

Porosity is the…

A

amount of pore space in a rock

13
Q

Permeability is how…

A

connected the pores are

14
Q

rocks that store groundwater are known as _______

A

aquifers

15
Q

aquifers are usually a _______ rock

A

sedimentary

16
Q

an aquifer must be both _____ and ______

A

porous, permeable

17
Q

what two sedimentary rocks makes good aquifers?

A

sandstone and limestone

18
Q

what is a layer of impermeable rock that confines aquifers?

A

aquiclude

19
Q

Aquicludes are usually…

A

shale or clay

20
Q

______ aquifers have no aquiclude above them

A

unconfined

water is free to rise to its natural levels

21
Q

if you drill a well into an _____ aquifer you must pump the water to the surface because there is no pressure that’s going to force the water out

A

unconfined

22
Q

when groundwater is removed faster than it is replenished this is called _____ ______

A

groundwater mining