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Flashcards in Globalisation Deck (20)
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1
Q

Globalisation: what happens in one locality is shaped by…

A

distant events and vice versa. EG: Chernobyl

2
Q

The six causes of globalisation?

  1. new info
  2. communication
  3. m.m.
  4. cheapies
  5. deregulation
  6. competition
A

1) SPREAD OF NEW INFORMATION
2) COMMUNICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES (ICT)
3) INFLUENCE of the MASS MEDIA
4) CHEAP AIR TRAVEL
5) DEREGULATION of FINANCIAL and other markets
6) more COMPETITION

3
Q

Which socio claimed that there has been a ‘globalisation of crime’?

A

HELD ET AL

4
Q

Definition of the ‘globalisation of crime’?

A

Globalisation of crime refers to the INCREASING INTERCONNECTEDNESS of CRIME ACROSS NATIONAL BORDERS

5
Q

Globalisation has brought about the spread of (TOC)

A

TRANSNATIONAL ORGANISED crime

6
Q

Example of one of the new offences that Globalisation has created?

A

CYBER CRIMES

7
Q

What does Manuel Castells (1998) argue?

A

That there is now a GLOBAL CRIMINAL ECONOMY worth over £1 TRILLION per annum.

8
Q

Examples of how the CRIMINAL ECONOMY makes money? (3)

A

1) The drugs trade (estimated $300-400b at street prices per year
2) Cyber crimes (like eidentity theft)
3) Money Laundering ($1.5 trillion a year)

9
Q

One of the reasons why the scale of TRANSNATIONAL ORGANISED CRIME is so huge is because

A

of the DEMAND for its PRODUCTS and SERVICES in the rich West.

10
Q

The supply side of the GLOBAL CRIMINAL ECONOMY?

A
  • SOURCE OF DRUGS

- SEX WORKERS

11
Q

This supply from the global criminal economy is linked to the GLOBALISATION process. How?

A

Third -world countries that produce drugs (Columbia) have a large population of peasants. Therefore, DRUG CULTIVATION is an attractive process.

12
Q

Why is DRUG CULTIVATION an attractive option for peasants in third world-drug producing countries?

A
  • little investment
  • little need of technology
  • high prices compared with crops
13
Q

20% of the population in Columbia depends on…

A

the cocaine production for their livelihood.

14
Q

Globalisation produces a new mentality of ‘RISK CONSCIOUSNESS’. What does this mean?

A

means that risk is seen as GLOBAL rather than tied to particular places (eg. economic mirgants)

15
Q

results of the ‘risk consciousness’?

A

1) Social control is intensified nationally (eg. UK has toughened its BORDER CONTROL REGULATIONS)
2) States with land borders have introduced FENCES

16
Q

Globalisation has produced job insecurity and poverty by…

A

allowing TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS to SWITCH MANUFACTURING to low-wage countries.

17
Q

Globalisation has undermined social cohesion by..

A

Marketisation. People now see themselves as INDIVIDUAL CONSUMERS , calculating personal costs and benefits of each action

18
Q

Deregulation is caused by glob. problem of deregulation?

A

GOV has little control over THEIR OWN ECONOMIES (to create jobs/raise taxes)

19
Q

Globalisations main causes for crime?

A

INSECURITY and INEQUALITY

20
Q

How do elite groups like the EU have criminal opportunities?

A

They have opportunities for FRAUDULENT CLAIMS for subsidies+