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Flashcards in Global Environmentalism Deck (31)
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1
Q

Global Environmentalism

A
  • Population Explosion
    • doubling of crop land and the depletion of forest land
    • animals are becoming extinct or endangered; however, increase in domesticated animals
    • thinning of the ozone layer from CFCs
    • new ability of humankind to tap the energy potential of fossil fuels: coal, oil, hydroelectricity, natural gas, nuclear power
  • Use of Energy Sources
    • emission of fossil fuels
    • deforestation of the rain forest (melting glaciers, ice caps)
    • extreme weather
  • Economic Growth
    • auto-catalytic technologies
2
Q

Environmental Movement

A
  • Preserve the earth and resources (i.e. National Parks)
  • Environmental Pollution
    • DDT - effect it had on wildlife
    • EPA
    • The Green Party (Greenpeace)
    • Wildlife and wilderness management
    • Limits on emissions
    • Looking towards renewable resources (wind, solar, etc.)
    • recycling
3
Q

remember this…

A
  • There are “Five Themes of Geography”
    • Location, Place, Movement, Regions, and Human/Environment Interactions
    • This page references one of those themes “Human/Environment Interaction”
  • – This addresses: “How do humans adapt to their surroundings?”
4
Q

note

A
  • growing population numbers of the poor and growing consumption of the rich - led to the doubling of cropland and depletion of the world’s forests and grasslands
  • numerous species of animals and plants = either endangered pr extinct (150-200 plant, mammal, insect, birds every 24 hours-1,000 times the natural rate)
  • increased numbers of other species = ex: cattle, pigs, chickens, rats, dandelion
  • massive air pollution in major cities
5
Q

global warming

A
  • caused by increased burning of fossil fuels = emit heat-trapping greenhouse gases
  • and loss of trees = would otherwise remove the carbon dioxide from the air
  • concerns:
    • melting glaciers and polar ice caps
    • rising sea levels
    • thawing permafrost
    • extreme hurricanes
    • extreme weather
    • further species extinction
6
Q

note 2

A
  • expressed a need for “scientific management” of nature
  • “wilderness idea” = aimed to preserve untouched areas from human disruption
  • creation of many US national parks (Yellowstone first in 1872)
  • no mass following or large global response
  • began with publication in 1962 of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring
  • exposed the chemical contamination of the environment that threatened both human health and the survival of many species - accused them of spreading disinformation
  • generated an enormous response and launched the environmental movement in the US
7
Q

Club of Rome

A
  • a global think tank headquartered in Europe
8
Q

Germany

A
  • emergence of the Green Party (1 focus was on nuclear power)
9
Q

Major concerns of Western environmentalists

A
  • pollution, wilderness issues, and opposition to development in untouched areas
10
Q

global south and west

A
  • more locally based (south)
  • involved more members of the middle class, people who had money to organize (west)
  • mostly poor people (south)
  • political lobbying, corporate strategy to promote environmental movements (west)
  • environmental movements often overlapped with other movements for political and social reform (south)
  • more concerned with rights and nature, protecting wilderness areas (west)
  • more concerned with issues of food, security, health, survival (south)
  • relatively non-violent (west)
  • occasions of violence, guerilla warfare (south)
11
Q

late 20th century

A
  • environmentalism became truly global concern
  • green revolution takes place
  • fewer emissions
  • fostered research and movement towards renewable resources (wind, solar, etc.)
  • persuaded millions to go green
  • addressing issues with ozone layer and global warming
12
Q

conflicts

A
  • between global north and global south
  • felt that north’s initiative would prevent them from industrial development
  • global south pushed to the limit
13
Q

results of environmentalism

A
  • one world thinking
  • focus becomes on one common plight, human kind (transcended political boundaries)
  • many global discussions
14
Q

in the 20th century, the relationship between the consumption habits of the rich and the number of people in poverty can be described as ______

A
  • directly proportional
15
Q

in the 20th century, the thinning of the ozone layer of the Earth’s atmosphere can be attributed to ______

A
  • chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
16
Q

populations all over the world in the 20th century have replaced forests and grasslands with farmland because _________

A
  • they need to meet consumption demands of the wealthy
  • the popilation increased dramatically
  • free market capitalism favors such practices
17
Q

the first wave of environmentalism actually took place in the 1800s in the wake of _______

A
  • the Industrial Revolution
18
Q

technology _________ the effects of humans on the environment

A
  • accelerates
19
Q

coal, natural gas, and petroleum are all examples of __________

A
  • fossil fuels
20
Q

in the context of world history, an excess of food leads to ______________

A
  • obesity
21
Q

an increase in global temperatures has caused the melting of _______

A
  • the polar ice caps
22
Q

political lobbying, corporate strategy, and national legislation were methods used in the ________ to address environmental problems

A
  • global west
23
Q

during the 20th century, many developed nations’ economies became ______ driven

A
  • consumer
24
Q

the increase in cattle, pigs, and chickens in the 20th century has also produced an increase in the number of _________

A
  • rats
25
Q

_______ have been blamed for a troubling rise in ocean levels and temperatures

A
  • rising global temperatures
26
Q

_________ is the most critical transformation of the environment in the 20th and 21st centuries

A
  • global warming
27
Q

global warming is _______

A
  • a scientifically proven fact
  • cased by humans
  • disputed for political reasons
28
Q

“grass roots” best describes the environmental movement in the _________

A
  • global south
29
Q

from the perspective of world history, the relationship between people and food can be described as __________

A
  • directly proportional
30
Q

which of the following is NOT one of the causes of global warming

A
  • the Earth is moving closer to the sun
31
Q

in the 20th century, much of the world’s forests and grasslands have been replaced with _____

A
  • farmland

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