Geog Farming In Britain Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Geog Farming In Britain Deck (30)
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0
Q

Write a definition for pastoral farming.

A

Leaving the land under grass for the grazing of animals.

1
Q

Write a definition for arable farming.

A

The ploughing of land and the growing of crops.

2
Q

Write a definition for mixed farming.

A

Both crops are grown and animals are reared.

3
Q

What are the physical factors that affect farming?

A

Climate
relief
soil

4
Q

What are the human factors that affect farming?

A
Size
technology
machinery
distance from markets
transport
5
Q

List the important factors in arable farming

A
Deep soil
Flat land
Near the market
Modern machinery
Rainfall
Temperatures (and how much sun the area gets).
6
Q

List the important factors that would affect hill sheep farming.

A

The size of the area.
How steep the hill is.
The quality of the land.
The climate in the region.

7
Q

Describe the pattern of farming in the north and west of Britain.

A
More wind
Cooler summers
Milder winters
More rain
Higher land
Steeper slopes
Thinner soils
More extensive farming
More subsistence farming
8
Q

Describe the pattern of farming towards the South and East of Britain.

A
More sheltered
Warmer summers
Colder winters
Less rain
Flatter land
More gentle slopes
Deeper soil
More intensive farming
More commercial farming
9
Q

What type of farming mostly takes place in the south-East of Britain?

A

Arable

10
Q

What type of farming mostly takes place in the mid west side of Britain?

A

Mixed farming.

11
Q

What type of farming mostly takes place in the mid-East part of Britain?

A

Cattle farming.

12
Q

What type of farming mostly takes place in the west of Britain?

A

Sheep farming.

13
Q

What type of farming mostly takes place in North West Britain (west Scotland).

A

Crofting

14
Q

Define cattle farming.

A

Animals kept for milk and meat.

15
Q

Define crofting.

A

A subsistence (grow/raise what you need) form of farming.

16
Q

What is hill farming?

A

Sheep raised on hilly ground.

17
Q

Before farming developed what did most of southern Britain look like?

A

Most of southern Britain was covered in forest and marshland.

18
Q

What happened to the forests and marshlands in southern Britain as the population of Britain grew?

A

There was a greater demand for food so:
the wet areas were drained and
the forests were cut down
to make room for farming.

19
Q

What happened to the large areas of southern Britain when they were cleared for cultivation?

A

Fields were divided by hedgerows and dry stone walls.

20
Q

In the last 60 or so years, how has field size changed?

A

The fields are now larger as hedges have been removed.

21
Q

In the last 60 or so years, how have farm buildings changed?

A

Farm buildings are larger to house the large farm machinery.

22
Q

In the last 60 or so years, how has machinery changed?

A

There is more machinery now as farming has become more efficient.

23
Q

In the last 60 or so years, how have hedgerows changed?

A

There were 25% less hedgerows in 2000 compared to 1945.

24
Q

In the last 60 or so years, how have wetlands changed?

A

More wetlands are being drained which destroys the habitats of many birds, insects and plants.

25
Q

List the advantages of hedgerows to the farmer.

A

Well looked after hedges are attractive.
Hedge roots hold the soil together which reduces erosion.
Hedges provide a home for wildlife.

26
Q

List the disadvantages of hedgerows to the farmer.

A

Cutting hedges costs the farmer time and money.
Hedges take up space which could be used for farmland.
Hedges get in the way of big machinery in fields.

27
Q

How have the number of farm workers and the number of tractors changed since 1950? why?

A

There are more tractors and less farm workers. A tractor can do the work of many farm workers so the more tractors there are the less farm workers are needed on farms.

28
Q

Why are some farmers developing leisure activities on their farms.

A

Farmers have been forced to develop leisure activities so that they don’t go out of business and lose their farms. They can no longer afford to rely solely on farming because:
Prices of produce has fallen because of EU directives
Foot and mouth and other disease affected farming profits
New machinery is very expensive
Fuel for the machinery is ever increasing
All these expenses mean less profits to live on

29
Q

What types of leisure activities are some farmers offering to earn enough money to keep their farms?

A
Farm shops
Holiday parks / b&bs 
Farm tours/ open farms
Horse riding
Pick your own produce
Outdoor pursuits centres