Genetics and Evolution Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Genetics and Evolution Deck (9)
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1
Q

genes

A

DNA sequences that code for heritable traits that can be passed from one generation to the next

2
Q

chromosomes

A

holds all genes to ensure that genetic material is passed easily to daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis.

3
Q

allele

A

an alternative form of a gene

4
Q

genotype

A

genetic combination possessed by an individual

5
Q

phenotype

A

observable trait like hair color

6
Q

each human being possesses two copies of each chromosome called

A

homologues

except for male sex chromosomes

7
Q

each gene has a particular location on a specific chromosome called the

A

locus

8
Q

if only one copy of an allele is needed to express a given phenotype, the allele is said to be

A

dominant (upper case letter)

9
Q

if two copies of an allele is needed to express a given phenotype, the allele is said to be

A

recessive (lower case letter)