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Flashcards in French Revolution Deck (18)
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0
Q

2nd estate

A
  • Nobles
  • About 400,000 people
  • Had power over peasants
  • Wealthy landowners/advisors/generals
  • Looked down on third estate
1
Q

1st estate

A
  • The clergy
  • About 100,000 people
  • Ran schools + hospitals
  • Owned over 10% of land
  • Very powerful
2
Q

3rd estate

A
  • Remaining 95% of population
  • Commoners
  • Poor workers/peasants
  • Rich, educated members called bourgeoisie
3
Q

Causes of the French Revolutions

A
  • American Rev. influenced the French.
  • People hate the queen.
  • The third estate paid more than other estates.
  • Enlightenment writers were influential and disagreed with powerful kings.
  • France was bankrupt and wanted nobles to pay more. This led to Estates General, with its unfair voting system.
4
Q

Estates general

A

A parliament that contained representatives of the three estates.

5
Q

National assembly

A

What the people of the third estate called themselves when they broke away from the Estates General.

6
Q

National Guard.

A

The army of the National Assembly

7
Q

The Bastille

A

A prison where people who annoyed/criticised the king were sent.

8
Q

Tennis court oath

A

The swore that the National Assembly made, saying they would continue meeting until their demands were met.

9
Q

Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

A

A law passed by the National Assembly that gave the ordinary people of France more rights and freedoms.

10
Q

Slogan of the revolutionaries

A

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity

11
Q

National Convention

A

The name of the French parliament during the Reign of Terror.

12
Q

Committee of Public Safety

A

A committee of 12 members led by Robespierre set up to protect the revolution

13
Q

Reign of Terror

A

What Robespierre’s rule of France was called.

14
Q

Law of Suspects

A

A law passed in 1793 that set up a Revolutionary Tribunal to try anyone suspected of treason.

15
Q

The Sans-Culottes

A

The poor people of France who supported the revolution.

16
Q

The Directory

A

A more moderate government that came to power after the Reign of Terror.

17
Q

Consequences of the French Revolution

A
  • Many people in Europe agreed with the aims of Liber, Equality, and Fraternity and demanded that kings and queens share power with the people.
  • The tricolour flag and the metric system of weights and measures were introduced.
  • A new national anthem, the Marseillaise, was adopted. (This is the current national anthem today)
  • Inspired by the Revolution, people like Wolfe Tone hoped to spread revolutionary ideas to Ireland.
  • Many rulers were afraid that the revolution would spread to their countries and tried to prevent it.
  • The Reign of Terror shocked many people and this lost a lot of support for the revolution in other countries.
  • War broke out in Europe.