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Flashcards in Fluids and Therapies Deck (16)
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1
Q

Heparin action

A

binds to antithrombin, which subsequently accelerates the interaction between antithrombin and activated factor X or thrombin thus halting the coagulation cascade.

2
Q

Hyperkalemia treatment

A

dextrose, insulin, sodium bicarbonate, calcium gluconate (extra cellular movement)

3
Q

Hypertonic saline shock dose

A

5 ml/kg

4
Q

Isotonic crystalloid shock dose in cat

A

40-60 ml/kg

5
Q

Isotonic crystalloid shock dose in dog

A

90 ml/kg. 1/4 to 1/3 of this volume should be administered initially and the patient reassessed.

6
Q

Oxygen saturation of

A

corresponds to 80 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood

7
Q

Oxygen saturation of

A

corresponds to 60 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood

8
Q

Oxygen saturation of

A

corresponds to 30 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood

9
Q

Oxygen saturation of

A

corresponds to 10 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood

10
Q

Oxygen saturation of 98-100%

A

corresponds to >100 mm Hg oxygen in arterial blood

11
Q

Potassium infusion rate

A

maximum rate of infusion is 0.5 mEq/kg/hr. Administering potassium more rapidly than this can result in fatal arrhythmias.

12
Q

Synthetic colloid shock dose in cat

A

5-10 ml/kg

13
Q

Synthetic colloid shock dose in dog

A

10-20 ml/kg

14
Q

Urethral obstruction in cat

A

Calcium gluconate will serve to immediately counter the effects of hyperkalemia-induced bradycardia and cardiovascular collapse in the cat with urethral obstruction.

15
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate for Base Deficit

A

0.3-0.4 x BW x Base Deficit. Base deficit is the amount of base that you would need to add to a solution to achieve a pH of 7.4. In practice, you may choose to fix only part (often half) of the total calculated bicarbonate and reassess.

16
Q

Diet for hepatic encephalopathy

A

Protein reduction in the diet. Lactulose if given because it decreases colonic pH, trapping ammonia, and decreases transit time through the gut, leading to decreased ammonia uptake because ammonia contributes to hepatic encephalopathy. Oral neomycin is used to dampen urease-producing microflora of the gut and consequently, decreases ammonia production in the gut. It has also been shown that vegetable and dairy proteins are better tolerated than meat proteins.