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Flashcards in FLIGHT CONTROL LAWS Deck (11)
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1
Q

What are the different Control laws and their characteristics ?

A
  • Normal law
    • Pitch: Vertical load factor
    • Bank: Roll rate
  • Alternate law
    • Pitch: Vertical load factor
    • Bank: Roll rate in ALTN1 / Direct control of ailerons in ALTN2
  • Direct law
    Direct relationship between stick and flight control surfaces
  • Ground law (before lift-off and after touch-down):
    Same as Direct law
  • Flare law (allow conventional flare):
    • Pitch: Stick orders a pitch attitude increment to a reference attitude
    • Bank: Direct control of ailerons
2
Q

What are the protections in normal law ?

A
  • Load factor protection
  • High speed protection
  • High angle-of-attack protection
  • Pitch attitude protection
  • Bank angle protection
  • Low energy warning
3
Q

What protections are available in alternate law?

A
  • Load factor protection
  • Bank angle protection (in ALTN1 only)
  • Low speed stability:
    • VSW replaces αPROT and αMAX
    • When speed reduces to VSW, AP disconnects and a nose down pitch input is introduced
  • High speed stability:
    • Amber dashes replaces the Green dashes on speed scale
    • When speed increases to VMO, AP disconnects and a nose up pitch input is introduced
  • Aural stall
  • Overspeed warning
4
Q

What protections are available in Alternate law without stability ?

A
  • Load factor protection
  • Aural stall
  • Overspeed warning
5
Q

Load factor protection

A

Load factor limitation :
+ 2.5 g, -1 g for clean configuration
+ 2 g, 0 g when slats are extended

Rapid pull-up to 2.5 g is immediately possible.

6
Q

High speed protection

A
- VMO + 4 kt /  MMO+ 0.006:
Overspeed Ecam warning 
- VMO +6 kt / MMO + 0.01:
Automatic, progressive pitch up applied (.1 g max)
Pilot nose-down authority reduced.

Maximum stabilized speed with stick maintained nose-down : VMO + 16 kt / MMO +0.04

7
Q

High angle-of-attack protection

A
  • VLS: Minimum allowed speed, A/THR in speed mode will not allow the speed to drop below VLS even if lower speed is selected.
  • Vα Prot: AP disengages, Auto Pitch trim stops
  • Vα Floor: TOGA thrust is automatically set
  • Vα Max: Speed is maintained with full aft stick, speed brake retract if previously extended
8
Q

Pitch attitude protection

A

Pitch attitude limited :

  • nose-down 15°
  • nose-up 30°, to 25° at low speed
9
Q

Bank angle protection

A
  • Bank angle limited to 67°
  • Above 33° :
    . Stick released, aircraft rolls back to 33°
    . Stick maintained, bank angle maintained
  • When overspeed protection is triggered :
    . Spiral stability is introduced regardless of angle
    . Max bank angle is limited to 45°
  • When angle-of-attack protection is triggered:
    . Max bank angle is limited to 45°
10
Q

Low energy warning

Available between 100 ft and 2000 ft RA
Conf 2, 3 and Full

A

Aural warning, “SPEED SPEED SPEED” :

Informs the pilot that the aircraft energy becomes lower than a threshold under which, to recover a positive flight path angle through pitch control, the thrust must be increased.

11
Q

What protections are available in Direct law ?

A
  • Aural stall

- Overspeed warning