First Aid (24-Hour Wilderness) Flashcards Preview

Outdoor Education > First Aid (24-Hour Wilderness) > Flashcards

Flashcards in First Aid (24-Hour Wilderness) Deck (30)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

How can a first aider avoid getting infection and other communicable diseases?

A
Universal Precautions (mask, gloves, CPR covering)
Properly cleaning wounds
2
Q

What legal considerations are important to take when providing first aid?

A

Adults must be conscious to give concent
You are not allowed to aid someone who does not give consent
children cannot deny treatment
It is your choice to aid someone, unless you are Quebec
Once you begin treatment you cannot abandon the patient

3
Q

How are first aiders protected?

A

Good Samaritan Act

4
Q

How do you approach a patient, and what must you take into consideration?

A

Observe the whole situation, including environmental factors
Try to approach so they can see you, otherwise tell them where you are coming from
Always prioritize personal safety
General Assessment

5
Q

How do you treat shock? What body position should they be in?

A

Warmth
Airway
Rest and Reassure and Recovery Position
Treatment

6
Q

What are the ABCDE’s?

A
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Deadly Bleeds
Environmental Hazards
7
Q

What is AVPU?

A
Used to test level of consciousness
Awake and Alert x4
Verbal Stimulus
Pain
Unresponsive
8
Q

What is SAMPLE?

A
Used in secondary assessment
Signs and Symptoms
Allergies
Medication
Past Medical History
Last in/out
Events leading up to incident
9
Q

What is CCHAT?

A
Used to report patient history
Chief Complaint
History
Assessment
Treatment
10
Q

What is PEARL?

A
Used for potential head injuries
Pupils
Equal and 
Reactive to
Light
11
Q

What are the Vital Signs?

A
LOC
Pupils
Pulse / Blood Pressure
Respirations
Skin
12
Q

How do you treat heat stroke and heat exhaustion?

A

keep patient hydrated

keep patient shade

13
Q

How do you treat cold related injuries?

A

keep patient warm

try not to use the effected body part

14
Q

What are symptoms of a heart attack or stroke?

A

left arm goes numb

be prepared with AED or to begin CPR

15
Q

How can you control deadly bleeding?

A

Direct Pressure
Immobilize
Cool / Calm patient
Elevate

16
Q

What are the 4 types of wounds?

A
lacerations
Amputations
Abrasions
Impalements
Haetomas / brusing
blisters
17
Q

How do you treat an impalement?

A

leave object in place

stabilize effected area

18
Q

How do you treat an amputation?

A

collect part
clean part
put in sterile packaging
evacuate! only 4-6 hours

19
Q

How do you treat abrasions?

A

clean abrasion
apply polysporin
bandage effected area

20
Q

How do you treat a laceration?

A

clean area
apply pressure
close flap

21
Q

How do you treat haematomas or brusing?

A

cover with ice, not direct to skin

22
Q

How do you treat blisters?

A

prevention is key, avoid infection

23
Q

What are signs and symptoms of fractures?

A

abnormal shape
area will bend in irregular directions
pain
bleeding

24
Q

What is PMS?

A

Pulse
Motor Skills
Sensation

25
Q

When is PMS used?

A

suspected spinal injuries, and fractures

26
Q

What is RICE?

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

27
Q

When is RICE used?

A

Sprains and strains

28
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of head injuries?

A
uncoordinated
nauseous 
tired
blurry vision
PEARL
29
Q

What is a normal resting heart rate?

A

80-100

30
Q

What is a normal respiratory rate?

A

12 - 16