First Aid 2012 Rapid Review: Common treatments Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in First Aid 2012 Rapid Review: Common treatments Deck (91)
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1
Q

Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

5
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family

6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

7
Q

Anorexia

A

SSRIs

8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

9
Q

Anxiety

A

Buspirone

10
Q

Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmics (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

11
Q

B12 deficiency

A

B12

12
Q

BPH

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

13
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Lithium, Valproate, Carbamazepine (mood stabilizers)

14
Q

Breast cancer in post-menopausal woman

A

Aromatase inhibitor

15
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

16
Q

Bulimia

A

SSRIs

17
Q

Candida albicans

A

Amphotericin B (systemic), Nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

18
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

19
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea co-infection), Erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

20
Q

Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (under-excretor), allopurinol (overproducer)

21
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

22
Q

CML

A

Imatinib

23
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Antitoxin

24
Q

C. diff

A

Oral metronidazole

25
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

26
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab

27
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

28
Q

Cystic Fibrosis

A

N-acetylcysteine + anti-pseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

29
Q

CMV

A

Ganciclovir

30
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs (1st line)

31
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); HTZ, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

32
Q

DM Type I

A

Diet + insulin

33
Q

DM Type II

A

Diet, oral hypoglycemic agent, possible insulin

34
Q

DKA

A

Fluids, insulin, potassium

35
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/Ampicillin + aminoglycoside

36
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil

37
Q

ER-positive breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

38
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

39
Q

Folate deficiency

A

Folate

40
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

41
Q

Hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

42
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

43
Q

HER2/neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

44
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

45
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (1st line)

46
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

A

Fibrate

47
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

A

Heparin

48
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)

49
Q

Influenza

A

Amantadine/rimantadine

50
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

51
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin

52
Q

Malaria

A

Blood schizont - chloroquine/mefloquine

Liver hypnozoite - Primaquine

53
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

54
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

55
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

56
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

57
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

IFN-beta

58
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPES (Rifampin, INH, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Streptomycin)

59
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone (add Doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)

60
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

61
Q

Neural tube defect prevention

A

Folate

62
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vitamin D

63
Q

PDA

A

Indomethacin

64
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists

65
Q

Pneumocystis jiroceci

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

66
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine (DA agonist)

67
Q

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuos)

68
Q

Prostate carcinoma

A

Flutamide

69
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Anti-pseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

70
Q

Pulmonary HTN

A

Bosentan

71
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Tetracycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)

72
Q

Ringworms

A

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

73
Q

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

5-HT2a antagonists (e.g., Olanzapine)

74
Q

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonists

75
Q

SIADH

A

Demeclocycline, Lithium

76
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Hydroxyurea (increases HbF)

77
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral KI

78
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

79
Q

Staph aureus

A

Methicillin/nafcillin

80
Q

Step bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

81
Q

Strep pneumoniae

A
  • Systemic infection/pneumonia - penicillin/cephalosporin

- Meningitis - vancomycin

82
Q

Strep pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

83
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

84
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin, Valproate, Carbamazepine

85
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine

86
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

87
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

88
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

Warfarin toxicity

A

FFP (acute), Vitamin K (chronic)

91
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids