Fermenters Flashcards
Microorganisms are grown in ____________
Fermenters
Microorganisms (bacteria) can be used to make really useful stuff e.g. ______________ or _____________
Penicillin
Insulin
In industry, microorganisms are grown in large containers called _____________. The ______________ is full of liquid ‘__________ ___________’ in which microorganisms can grow and reproduce
Fermenters
Fermenter
Culture medium
The conditions inside the fermentation vessels are kept at the optimum levels for ___________ - this means the yield of products from the microorganisms can be as big as possible
Growth
What do the paddles do (in a fermenter)
They keep the microorganisms in contact with fresh medium by circulating the medium around the vessel
How do the paddles increase the product yield
Product yield is increased because microorganisms can always access the nutrients needed for growth
If the microorganisms need oxygen for ______________ - it’s added by pumping in __________ air
Respiration
Sterile
How does the pumping in of sterile air increases the product yield
Microorganisms can always respire to provide the energy for growth
Vessels are ____________ between uses with superheated steam which kills unwanted ___________. Having aseptic conditions ____________ the product yield because the microorganisms aren’t competing with other organisms - it also means the products don’t get _______________
Sterilised
Microbes
Increases
Contaminated
What does it mean if the fermenter is in aseptic conditions
It’s free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses of other microorganisms
Nutrients needed by the microorganisms for __________ are provided in the liquid culture medium
Growth
The ____ is monitored and kept at the optimum level for the microorganisms enzymes to work efficiently by the _____ __________. This keeps the rate of reaction and product yield as _______ as possible
pH
pH probe
High
The temperature is also monitored and kept at an __________ level by the ________________ ___________
Optimum
Temperature recorder
What does the water-cooled jacket do
Makes sure it doesn’t get so hot that the enzymes denature
